Spring 整合 ElasticSearch(全文检索服务)
1.为什么要使用ES?
数据库查询有缺点?
数据越大, 查询效率越低;(数据库的解决方案是建立索引, 但是使用前模糊查询,会导致索引失效)
ES可以解决该问题: 解决数据库中数据量过大同时模糊查询会导致数据库索引失效,查询效率低的问题.
2.相关概念
索引: (存储数据的位置)
* 可以看作关系型数据库中的表;
映射: (存储吗? 存储的类型是什么? 是否分词? 采用的分词器是什么? )
* 数据如何存储在索引上(为建索引和搜索准备输入文本)
* 映射mapping (数据如何存放到索引对象上, 需要有一个映射配置, 数据类型, 是否存储, 是否分词.)
文档: (存储的数据)
* 就相当于表中的数据
文档类型: (指定存储文档的类型)
* 文档是可以有多种类型的
分词器:
* IK分词器, 庖丁分词器
词条: (搜索)
3.相关Query对象
* matchAllQuery: 查询索引库中所有的数据;
* termQuery: 词条查询,词条的完全匹配;
* wildcardQuery: 模糊查询(* ? 通配符);
* queryStringQuery: 将查询条件分词后根据词条匹配 默认返回的并集;
* boolQuery: must(and), should(or), must_not(not);
4.ES的相关操作
索引CRUD: ES服务器中维护多个索引库.
映射CRUD: 到底要不要存储? 存储的类型? 要不要分词? 那种分词器?
文档CRUD: ES中存储的数据全部都是json格式的数据.
5.spring整合(重点)
1. 导入相关jar包;
<elasticsearch:repositories base-package="cn.orange.dao"/>
<elasticsearch:transport-client id="client" cluster-nodes="localhost:9300" />
<bean id="elasticsearchTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="client" ref="client"/>
</bean>
3.实体类需要添加注解
/**
* indexName: 索引名称
* type: 文档的类型
* @Id: 索引库的id
* index: 是否进行分词 analyzed:分词 not_analyzed:不分词 no:不根据此字段进行检索
* store: 是否存储
* analyzer: 指定使用的分词器
* type: 存储数据的类型
* searchAnalyzer: queryStringQuery就是查询条件进行分词的分词器.
*/
@Document(indexName = "blog3", type = "article")
public class Aticle(){
@Id
@Field(index = FieldIndex.not_analyzed, store = true, type = FieldType.Integer)
private Integer id;
@Field(index = FieldIndex.analyzed, analyzer = "ik", store = true, searchAnalyzer = "ik", type = FieldType.String)
private String title;
@Field(index = FieldIndex.analyzed, analyzer = "ik", store = true, searchAnalyzer = "ik", type = FieldType.String)
private String content;
}
6.测试数据
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class ArticleServiceTest {
@Autowired
private ArticleService articleService;
@Autowired
private Client client;
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;
@Test
public void createIndex() {
elasticsearchTemplate.createIndex(Article.class);
elasticsearchTemplate.putMapping(Article.class);
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Article article = new Article();
article.setId(1001);
article.setTitle("猪猪侠");
article.setContent("猪猪侠爱吃棒棒糖");
articleService.save(article);
}
}
应用实例
@Override
public Page<WayBill> findAll(Pageable pageable, WayBill wayBill) {
if(StringUtils.isBlank(wayBill.getWayBillNum())
&& StringUtils.isBlank(wayBill.getSendAddress())
&& StringUtils.isBlank(wayBill.getRecAddress())
&& StringUtils.isBlank(wayBill.getSendProNum())
&& (wayBill.getSignStatus() == null || wayBill.getSignStatus() == 0)){
return wayBillRepository.findAll(pageable);
}else {
BoolQueryBuilder query = new BoolQueryBuilder();
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wayBill.getWayBillNum())) {
QueryBuilder tempQuery = new TermQueryBuilder("wayBillNum",
wayBill.getWayBillNum());
query.must(tempQuery);
}
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wayBill.getSendAddress())) {
QueryBuilder wildcardQuery = new WildcardQueryBuilder(
"sendAddress", "*" + wayBill.getSendAddress() + "*");
QueryBuilder queryStringQueryBuilder = new QueryStringQueryBuilder(
wayBill.getSendAddress()).field("sendAddress")
.defaultOperator(QueryStringQueryBuilder.Operator.AND);
BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = new BoolQueryBuilder();
boolQueryBuilder.should(wildcardQuery);
boolQueryBuilder.should(queryStringQueryBuilder);
query.must(boolQueryBuilder);
}
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wayBill.getRecAddress())) {
QueryBuilder wildcardQuery = new WildcardQueryBuilder(
"recAddress", "*" + wayBill.getRecAddress() + "*");
query.must(wildcardQuery);
}
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wayBill.getSendProNum())) {
QueryBuilder termQuery = new TermQueryBuilder("sendProNum",
wayBill.getSendProNum());
query.must(termQuery);
}
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wayBill.getSendProNum())) {
QueryBuilder termQuery = new TermQueryBuilder("sendProNum",
wayBill.getSendProNum());
query.must(termQuery);
}
if (wayBill.getSignStatus() != null && wayBill.getSignStatus() != 0) {
QueryBuilder termQuery = new TermQueryBuilder("signStatus",
wayBill.getSignStatus());
query.must(termQuery);
}
SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(query);
searchQuery.setPageable(pageable);
return wayBillIndexRepository.search(searchQuery);
}
}