wxPython各种控件用法官方手册 : http://xoomer.virgilio.it/infinity77/wxPython/widgets.html
(0)字体,wx.Font, 构造函数:
""" __init__(self, int pointSize, int family, int style, int weight, bool underline=False, String face=EmptyString, int encoding=FONTENCODING_DEFAULT) -> Font """
font = wx.Font(14, wx.DEFAULT, wx.NORMAL, wx.NORMAL, False)其他的控件可以通过 SetFont(font)来设置自己字体属性。
(1)文字显示,wx.StaticText
用来显示静态文字内容,构造函数:
""" __init__(self, Window parent, int id=-1, String label=EmptyString, Point pos=DefaultPosition, Size size=DefaultSize, long style=0, String name=StaticTextNameStr) -> StaticText """
【说明】
通过调用StaticText对象的SetLabel()方法和SetValue()方法可以设置器显示的文字内容。
用来显示一张静态的图片,构造函数:
""" __init__(self, Window parent, int id=-1, Bitmap bitmap=wxNullBitmap, Point pos=DefaultPosition, Size size=DefaultSize, long style=0, String name=StaticBitmapNameStr) -> StaticBitmap """【说明】
通过调用StaticBitmap对象的SetBitmap()更换显示的图片,需要说明的是,wx.StaticBitmap对象没有自动适配图片大小的接口,需要程序增大缩小图片到合适的尺寸,然后通过SetBitmap()的方式显示图片:
img_big = wx.Image("D:\icon\img_big.png", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap() staticBmp = wx.StaticBitmap(self, -1, img_big, pos=(10, 10), size=(200, 200)) staticBmp.SetBackgroundColour("#a8a8a8") # 重置Image对象尺寸的函数 def resizeBitmap(image, width=100, height=100): bmp = image.Scale(width, height).ConvertToBitmap() return bmp img_ori = wx.Image("D:\icon\img_ori.png", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY) staticBmp.SetBitmap(resizeBitmap(img_ori, 200, 200))
(3)按键,Button
(3-1)wx.Button,构造函数(在不同的平台上, e.g. windows, Linux, MacOS上样子不一样):
""" __init__(self, Window parent, int id=-1, String label=EmptyString, Point pos=DefaultPosition, Size size=DefaultSize, long style=0, Validator validator=DefaultValidator, String name=ButtonNameStr) -> Button """
checkStudentScoreBtn = wx.Button(studentPanel, -1, u'查看成绩', pos=(120, 210), size=(150, 30)) checkStudentScoreBtn.SetBackgroundColour("#0a74f7") checkStudentScoreBtn.SetFont(self.textFont) checkStudentScoreBtn.SetForegroundColour("white")效果图:
(3-2)GenButton,通用Button,构造函数(在不同的平台上显示的样子相同):
__init__(self, parent, id=-1, label='', pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.DefaultSize, style = 0, validator = wx.DefaultValidator, name = "genbutton")【说明】
要使用GenButton,需要从wx.lib.buttons中导入:
from wx.lib.buttons import GenButton as wxButton tmpButton = wxButton(parent, id, u'删除学生', pos=(10, 10), size=(100, 30), style=wx.BORDER_NONE) tmpButton.SetBackgroundColour("#ff0000") tmpButton.SetForegroundColour("#ffffff")效果图:
Button的点击事件的触发:
button = wx.Button(self, id=100, u'Click Me', pos=(120, 210), size=(150, 30)) button.SetBackgroundColour("#0a74f7") button.SetFont(self.textFont) button.SetForegroundColour("white") self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.buttonClickFunc, button) def buttonClickFunc(self, event): btnID = event.GetButtonObj().GetId() print btnID # 此处打印结果 100 pass
(3-3)图片和文字共同显示的Button
在wx.lib.button的苦衷提供了一个GenBitmapButton的按键,可以图片和文字共同显示,但经过尝试发现,图片和文字是并排显示的,而不是文字在图片正中,查看了GenBitmapButton的源码,重写了该Button:
xButton.py
#coding=utf-8 import wx from wx.lib.buttons import GenBitmapButton class GenBitmapTextButton(GenBitmapButton): """A generic bitmapped button with text label""" def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, bitmap=wx.NullBitmap, label='', pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.DefaultSize, style = 0, validator = wx.DefaultValidator, name = "genbutton"): GenBitmapButton.__init__(self, parent, id, bitmap, pos, size, style, validator, name) self.SetLabel(label) def _GetLabelSize(self): """ used internally """ w, h = self.GetTextExtent(self.GetLabel()) if not self.bmpLabel: return w, h, True # if there isn't a bitmap use the size of the text w_bmp = self.bmpLabel.GetWidth() h_bmp = self.bmpLabel.GetHeight() width = w + w_bmp if h_bmp > h: height = h_bmp else: height = h return width, height, True def DrawLabel(self, dc, width, height, dx=0, dy=0): bmp = self.bmpLabel if bmp is not None: # if the bitmap is used if self.bmpDisabled and not self.IsEnabled(): bmp = self.bmpDisabled if self.bmpFocus and self.hasFocus: bmp = self.bmpFocus if self.bmpSelected and not self.up: bmp = self.bmpSelected bw,bh = bmp.GetWidth(), bmp.GetHeight() if not self.up: dx = dy = self.labelDelta hasMask = bmp.GetMask() is not None else: bw = bh = 0 # no bitmap -> size is zero dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) if self.IsEnabled(): dc.SetTextForeground(self.GetForegroundColour()) else: dc.SetTextForeground(wx.SystemSettings.GetColour(wx.SYS_COLOUR_GRAYTEXT)) label = self.GetLabel() tw, th = dc.GetTextExtent(label) # size of text if not self.up: dx = dy = self.labelDelta pos_x = (width-bw)/2+dx # adjust for bitmap and text to centre if bmp is not None: dc.DrawBitmap(bmp, pos_x, (height-bh)/2+dy, hasMask) # draw bitmap if available pos_x = pos_x + 2 # extra spacing from bitmap dc.DrawText(label, bw/2-tw/2, bh/2-th/2) # draw the text以后可以直接引入这个文件,直接使用GenBitmapTextButton了:
from xButton import GenBitmapTextButton as StarButton startImage = wx.Image(r'D:\schedule_uf_icon.png', wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap() startButton = StarButton(parent=self, id=-1, label=str(1), bitmap=startImage, pos=(30, 30), size=(60, 60), style=wx.BORDER_NONE) startButton.SetFont(sFont) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, clickEvent, startButton)效果:
【说明】若要动态的设置GenBitmapText的背景图片:SetBitmapLabel(self, bitmap)来设置的
(4)文本输入框,wx.TextCtrl,构造函数:
""" __init__(self, Window parent, int id=-1, String value=EmptyString, Point pos=DefaultPosition, Size size=DefaultSize, long style=0, Validator validator=DefaultValidator, String name=TextCtrlNameStr) -> TextCtrl """
(4-1)普通的文本输入框
self.accountInput = wx.TextCtrl(panle, -1, u'', pos=(80, 25), size=(180, -1)) self.accountInput.SetForegroundColour('gray') self.accountInput.SetFont(font)效果:
(4-2)密码输入框
self.passwordInput = wx.TextCtrl(panle, -1, u'', pos=(80, 70), size=(180, -1), style=wx.TE_PASSWORD) self.passwordInput.SetForegroundColour('gray')效果:
(4-3)多行输入框
self.subjectContent = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "", pos=(120, 40), size=(425, 80), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE) self.subjectContent.SetForegroundColour("#000000") self.subjectContent.SetFont(self.textFont)效果:
若要获得TextCtrl的输入内容:
content = textCtrl.GetValue()