一、翻译档制作部分
1、制作po档
(1)
生成template文件
xgettext -k_ -o ui_pref.pot ui.c
pref.pot head.
#, fuzzy
|
msgid ""
|
msgstr ""
|
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION/n"
|
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: /n"
|
"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
|
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE/n"
|
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>/n"
|
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>/n"
|
"MIME-Version: 1.0/n"
|
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET/n"
|
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit/n"
|
(2)生成lang.po文件
假设编写简体中文的po档,
cp ui_pref.pot zh_CN.po
vi zh_CN.po
将头部的CHARSET 改为 “UTF-8”
头部其余部分按需要改写或让其保持原状。
msgstr中字符串改为msgid对应的翻译。
例如:
zh_CN.po 文件
#, fuzzy
|
msgid ""
|
msgstr ""
|
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION/n"
|
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: /n"
|
"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
|
"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
|
"Last-Translator: joyzhao <[email protected]>/n"
|
"Language-Team: chinese/n"
|
"MIME-Version: 1.0/n"
|
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8/n"
|
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit/n"
|
|
#: ui.c:152
|
msgid "Select backdrop image or list file"
|
msgstr "选择背景图片"
|
|
#: ui.c:157
|
msgid "All Files"
|
msgstr "所有文件"
|
...
|
2 、生成lang.po 对应的PACKAGE.mo
msgfmt -o PACKAGE.mo lang.po
其中, PACKAGE为应用程序中bindtextdomain绑定的文件名。
3、copy mo文件到指定目录
cp PACKAGE.mo /usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MASSAGES/
二、程序编写部分
(1)不引用glib、gtk的程序
关键代码:
#
include <locale.h>
|
#include <libintl.h>
|
|
#define _(STRING) gettext(STRING)
#define PACKAGE "test" main () { setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, ""); textdomain(PACKAGE); printf(_("This is English./n")); } |
再生成各locale目录下名为test.mo的翻译档即可。
(2)使用gtk的程序
方法一: 引用 <glib/gi18n.h>
关键代码:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
|
#include <glib/gi18n.h>
|
|
{
|
gtk_set_locale();
|
//bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
|
//textdomain (PACKAGE);
|
bindtextdomain ("test", "/usr/share/locale");
|
textdomain ("test");
|
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
|
...
|
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
|
...
|
}
|
方法二:引用 <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
关键代码:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
|
#define GETTEXT_PACKAGE "test"
|
#include <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
|
|
{
|
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
|
...
|
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
|
...
|
}
|
上述两种方法是一样的。
第一种中 gi18n.h将为我们引用#include <libintl.h>,同时定义
第一种中 gi18n.h将为我们引用#include <libintl.h>,同时定义
#define _(String) gettext (String)
而第二中方法中gi18n-lib.h必须在我们定义了 GETTEXT_PACKAGE 宏之后才为我们定义
#define _(String) dgettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, String)
由于
gtk_init(); -->gtk_init_check() -->gtk_parse_args() -->gettext_initialization ()
gettext_initialization的代码实现:
static void
|
gettext_initialization (void)
|
{
|
#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
|
bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, GTK_LOCALEDIR);
|
bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE "-properties", GTK_LOCALEDIR);
|
#
ifdef HAVE_BIND_TEXTDOMAIN_CODESET
|
bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "UTF-8");
|
bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE "-properties", "UTF-8");
|
#
endif
|
#endif
|
}
|
因此方法二中可以省略方法一中红色高亮的两行代码。
(3)引用xfce libxfce4util库的代码
关键代码:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
|
#define GETTEXT_PACKAGE "test"
|
#include <libxfce4util/libxfce4util.h>
|
|
{
|
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
|
...
|
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
|
...
|
}
|
其中,
<libxfce4util/libxfce4util.h> 会进一步引用<libxfce4util/xfce-i18n.h>
这个头文件中在定义了 GETTEXT_PACKAGE 之后会引用<glib/gi18n-lib.h>头文件,否则将会使gettext失效。
libxfce4util/xfce-i18n.h内容:
#if defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE)
|
#include <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
|
#else
|
#include <glib/gi18n.h>
|
#endif
|
#if !defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE)
|
|
#ifdef gettext
|
#undef gettext
|
#endif
|
#ifdef dgettext
|
#undef dgettext
|
#endif
|
#ifdef dcgettext
|
#undef dcgettext
|
#endif
|
#ifdef ngettext
|
#undef ngettext
|
#endif
|
#ifdef dngettext
|
#undef dngettext
|
#endif
|
#ifdef dcngettext
|
#undef dcngettext
|
#endif
|
|
#define gettext(s)
(s)
|
#define dgettext(domain,s)
(s)
|
#define dcgettext(domain,s,type)
(s)
|
#define ngettext(msgid, msgid_plural, n)
(((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
|
#define dngettext(domainname, msgid, msgid_plural, n)
(((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
|
#define dcngettext(domainname, msgid, msgid_plural, n, type) (((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
|
|
#endif /* !defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE) */
|
***********************************************************************************
1.最近在最wget的源码,发现它一样支持国际化语言:如
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$
locale
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 //locale为中文
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 //locale为中文
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
此程序发布的目的是希望它会有用,但它不作任何保证;
甚至没有可售性或适用于特定目的的保证。
详情请查看 GNU General Public License。
此程序发布的目的是希望它会有用,但它不作任何保证;
甚至没有可售性或适用于特定目的的保证。
详情请查看 GNU General Public License。
最初由 Hrvoje Niksic <
[email protected]> 编写。//支持中文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ export LC_ALL=en.UTF-8 //将locale设为英文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ locale //查看locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ export LC_ALL=en.UTF-8 //将locale设为英文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ locale //查看locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <
[email protected]>. //语言已经是英文了.
2.查看wget目录
2.查看wget目录
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
ls
AUTHORS INSTALL NEWS config.log configure.bat mkinstalldirs stamp-h.in
COPYING MAILING-LIST README config.rpath configure.in msdos tests
ChangeLog Makefile autogen.sh config.status doc po util
ChangeLog.README Makefile.bak autom4te.cache config.sub install-sh src windows
DISTFILES Makefile.in config.guess configure m4 stamp-h
其中po目录正是语言文件
AUTHORS INSTALL NEWS config.log configure.bat mkinstalldirs stamp-h.in
COPYING MAILING-LIST README config.rpath configure.in msdos tests
ChangeLog Makefile autogen.sh config.status doc po util
ChangeLog.README Makefile.bak autom4te.cache config.sub install-sh src windows
DISTFILES Makefile.in config.guess configure m4 stamp-h
其中po目录正是语言文件
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$ ls po
Makefile POTFILES.in cs.po en_GB.po eu.po gl.po id.po nl.po ro.po sr.po vi.po
Makefile.in be.po da.po eo.po fi.po he.po it.po pl.po ru.po sv.po zh_CN.po
Makefile.in.in bg.po de.po es.po fr.po hr.po ja.po pt.po sk.po tr.po zh_TW.po
POTFILES ca.po el.po et.po ga.po hu.po nb.po pt_BR.po sl.po uk.po
其中zh_CN.po就是中文语言文件,并且是文本文件,可以用vim查看
Makefile POTFILES.in cs.po en_GB.po eu.po gl.po id.po nl.po ro.po sr.po vi.po
Makefile.in be.po da.po eo.po fi.po he.po it.po pl.po ru.po sv.po zh_CN.po
Makefile.in.in bg.po de.po es.po fr.po hr.po ja.po pt.po sk.po tr.po zh_TW.po
POTFILES ca.po el.po et.po ga.po hu.po nb.po pt_BR.po sl.po uk.po
其中zh_CN.po就是中文语言文件,并且是文本文件,可以用vim查看
[xiaodao@myfedora po]$
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora po]$
vi zh_CN.po
呵呵,是中国人翻译的.那如果我们自己要制作这些文件呢?
3.制作mo文件
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
xgettext -k_ -o zh_CN.pot src/*.c //生成pot文件,复制它生成zh_CN.po并编辑它
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
cp zh_CN.pot zh_CN.po
将po文件打包成mo文件放在/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MASSAGES/下
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
msgfmt -o wget.mo zh_CN.po //po文件是文本文件用于开发,而mo文件不是文本文件,它才是最终为用户使用
最后复制到/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
cp wget.mo usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/