背景:
设计的数据库默认使用utf-8编码,使用微信登录时,有用户使用Emoji表情,导致无法插入数据库,原因是Emoji是4个字节,而utf-8是3个字节。
如何修改:
先查看下编码:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+--------------------------+-------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
先备份数据库:
mysqldump -B XX_db -u root -p --lock-all-tables --flush-logs --master-data=2 >XX_db-.sql
开启log-bin:
[server]
# 开启 binlog
log-bin=mariadb-bin
修改/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
skip-character-set-client-handshake=true
重启DB:
systemctl restart mysql
再次查看编码:
SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.01 sec)
修改DB的默认编码:
ALTER DATABASE XX_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;