从这个帖子中初步入门学习了dubbo,对分布式服务框架有个大体的认识,由于git hub上的demo并不完整,自己手动写了以下样本,以供自己后期复习使用。
代码样本使用了spring 4 + springmvc + mybatis 3 + maven + dubbo + zookeeper构建项目。
使用顺序:
启动zookeeper->执行Provider类->执行consumer类
第一步:安装zookeeper
参考我写的简易课程:
http://blog.csdn.net/baidu_36720706/article/details/79611216
第二步:文件配置与编码
1.pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.heavent.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging><properties>
<junit.version>4.9</junit.version>
<slf4j-version>1.7.21</slf4j-version>
<spring.version>4.3.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson-core.version>2.7.0</jackson-core.version>
<mysql-connector-java.version>5.1.32</mysql-connector-java.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
<mybatis-spring.version>1.3.0</mybatis-spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql-connector-java.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbcp/commons-dbcp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>yzsm_pay</finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<compilerArguments>
<!-- <verbose /> -->
<extdirs>${project.basedir}\webapp\WEB-INF\lib</extdirs>
</compilerArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<webResources>
<resource>
<directory>webapp</directory>
</resource>
</webResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<webAppSourceDirectory>webapp</webAppSourceDirectory>
<webAppConfig>
<allowDuplicateFragmentNames>true</allowDuplicateFragmentNames>
</webAppConfig>
<webApp>
<contextPath>/</contextPath>
</webApp>
<stopKey>webx</stopKey>
<stopPort>9998</stopPort>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>5508</port>
<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
</connector>
</connectors>
<requestLog implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.NCSARequestLog">
<filename>target/access.log</filename>
<retainDays>90</retainDays>
<append>false</append>
<extended>false</extended>
<logTimeZone>GMT+8:00</logTimeZone>
</requestLog>
<systemProperties>
<systemProperty>
<name>productionMode</name>
<value>${productionMode}</value>
</systemProperty>
</systemProperties>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>dubbo</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:applicationContext.xml
classpath:spring-mybatis.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<!-- <async-supported>true</async-supported> -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
3.配置服务提供者provider
①对provider提供服务的接口进行配置(spring-dubbo-provider.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--定义了提供方应用信息,用于计算依赖关系;在 dubbo-admin 或 dubbo-monitor 会显示这个名字,方便辨识-->
<dubbo:application name="demotest-provider" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
<!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务,注意要先开启 zookeeper-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!--使用 dubbo 协议实现定义好的 api.DemoService 接口-->
<dubbo:service interface="com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService" protocol="dubbo" />
<!--具体实现该接口的 bean-->
<bean id="demoService" class="com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo.DemoServiceImpl"/>
</beans>
在配置这里可能遇到
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
无法访问的问题,这里需要再dubbo的jar包下解压,将META-INF\dubbo.xsd拷到IDE工具根目录下(我是复制到eclipse根目录下),然后在eclipse中进行以下操作:
在Window->Preferences->XML->XML Catalog进行配置
在xml中右击选择Validate后即消除报错
②编写Provider启动类
package com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Provider {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-dubbo-provider.xml");
System.out.println(context.getDisplayName() + ": here");
context.start();
System.out.println("服务已经启动...");
System.in.read();
}
}
③对Consumer类调用哪些方法接口进行配置(spring-dubbo-consumer.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="demotest-consumer" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
<!--向 zookeeper 订阅 provider 的地址,由 zookeeper 定时推送-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
<!--使用 dubbo 协议调用定义好的 api.DemoService 接口-->
<dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo.DemoService"/>
</beans>
④编写Consumer启动类
package com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//测试常规服务
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-dubbo-consumer.xml");
context.start();
System.out.println("consumer start");
DemoService demoService = context.getBean(DemoService.class);
System.out.println("consumer");
System.out.println(demoService.getPermissions(111L));
System.out.println(demoService.getUserInfo(1140123154).toString());
}
}
⑤自定义对象传输需要进行序列化处理
其中需要用到的User类需要继承序列化接口,才可以正常被远程调用
package com.heavent.spring.pojo.bo;
/**
* 用户类
* @Title 注册用户
* @Desc
* @Author zhuohuahai
* @Date 2018年3月19日
*/
public class User extends Base {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6807226745284401474L;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String protrait;
private Integer gender;
private String phone;
private String address;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", protrait=" + protrait + ", gender=" + gender + ", phone="
+ phone + ", address=" + address + "]";
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getProtrait() {
return protrait;
}
public void setProtrait(String protrait) {
this.protrait = protrait;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
Base类编写:
package com.heavent.spring.pojo.bo;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 用户类
* @Title 注册用户
* @Desc
* @Author zhuohuahai
* @Date 2018年3月19日
*/
public class Base implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3751694926750620662L;
private Integer id;
private String createtime;
private String updatetime;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(String createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getUpdatetime() {
return updatetime;
}
public void setUpdatetime(String updatetime) {
this.updatetime = updatetime;
}
}
⑥定义的接口以及接口实现类
DemoService.java
package com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo;
import java.util.List;
import com.heavent.spring.pojo.bo.User;
public interface DemoService {
public List<String> getPermissions(Long id);
public User getUserInfo(Integer uid);
}
DemoServiceImpl
package com.heavent.spring.dubbo.demo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.heavent.spring.pojo.bo.User;
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
@Override
public List<String> getPermissions(Long id) {
List<String> demo = new ArrayList<String>();
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id - 1));
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id));
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id + 1));
return demo;
}
@Override
public User getUserInfo(Integer uid) {
User user = new User();
user.setAddress("Guangdong ShenZhen");
user.setAge(25);
user.setCreatetime(String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()));
user.setGender(1);
user.setId(uid);
user.setName("Heavent");
user.setPhone("155210xxxxx");
user.setProtrait("xxxx");
return user;
}
}
第三步:检验
①确保Zookeeper已执行
②执行Provider类开启服务(根据xml配置自动将接口绑定至zookeeper中)
③执行Consumer类(根据xml配置自动查找zookeeper中已注册的接口)