使用更语义化的元素
短语元素
短语元素，或者称为短语标签，是专门为特定语义环境设计的标签，虽然其中一些标签的显示方式类似其他基本标签，如 <b>, <i>, <pre>和 <tt>。
下文将展示所有的短语标签，在语义化的环境中，你需要使用<strong>而不是<b>,使用<em>而不是 <i>，这样的书写格式能在未来更好的支持形形色色的浏览器、阅读器或其他载体。
1.加粗[Strong Text]
<p>The following word uses a <strong>strong</strong> typeface.</p>The following word uses a strong typeface.
2.强调[Emphasized Text]
<p>The following word uses a <em>emphasized</em> typeface.</p>The following word uses a emphasized typeface.
3.标记[Marked Text]
<p>The following word has been <mark>marked</mark> with yellow</p>The following word has been marked with yellow
4.省略[Text Abbreviation]
<p>My best friend's name is <abbr title="Abhishek">Abhy</abbr>.</p>My best friend’s name is Abhy.把鼠标放在有省略表示的位置可查看效果
5.首字母缩略词[Acronym Element]
<p>This chapter covers marking up text in <acronym>XHTML</acronym>.</p>This chapter covers marking up text in XHTML.看起来没什么用，各项浏览器暂不支持，可灵活运用Text Abbreviation，如下
My first Web language is HTML.
6.书写方向[Text Direction]
<p><bdo dir="rtl">This text will go right to left.</bdo></p>This text will go left to right.
This text will go right to left.
dir属性控制书写方向，默认左至右ltr，右至左rtl。
7.专业术语[Special Terms]
<p>The following word is a <dfn>special</dfn> term.</p>The following word is a special term.看起来有点像斜体，最好专用于特定的专业术语，更加语义化
8.长引用[Quoting Text]
<p>The following description of XHTML is taken from the W3C Web site:</p>
<blockquote>XHTML 1.0 is the W3C's first Recommendation for XHTML, following on from earlier work on HTML 4.01, HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0.</blockquote>
The following description of XHTML is taken from the W3C Web site:
XHTML 1.0 is the W3C’s first Recommendation for XHTML, following on from earlier work on HTML 4.01, HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0.
根据浏览器内核不同，会给blockquote元素换行和加外边距或其他样式，多用于大篇幅引用。
9.短引用[Short Quotations]
<p>Amit is in Spain, <q>I think I am wrong</q>.</p>Amit is in Spain, I think I am wrong
.明显的语义化标签，用来表示引号
10.文献引用[Text Citations]
<p>This HTML tutorial is derived from <cite>W3 Standard for HTML</cite>.</p>This HTML tutorial is derived from W3 Standard for HTML.此处直接引用文献名称,引用应为斜体字
11.代码片段[Computer Code]
<p>Regular text. <code>This is code.</code> Regular text.</p>Regular text. This is code. Regular text.用来表示计算机可识别的代码，就像Markdown里面的代码引用
12.键盘键入[Keyboard Text]
<p>Regular text. <kbd>This is inside kbd element</kbd> Regular text.</p>Regular text. This is inside kbd element Regular text.专门用来表达需要用键盘键入的内容
13.变量[Programming Variables]
<p><code>document.write("<var>user-name</var>")</code></p>document.write("user-name")
这个元素通常与code元素或pre元素联合使用，声明这个元素是一个变量
14.变量[Program Output]
<p>Result produced by the program is <samp>Hello World!</samp></p>Result produced by the program is Hello World!
这个元素用来声明程序或脚本的输出内容
15.地址[Address Text]
<address>388A, Road No 22, Jubilee Hills - Hyderabad</address>语义化标签的典范，address元素，通常为斜体字