matplotlib.pyplot.plot
绘制线图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
y= [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
x=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
plt.plot(x, y, linewidth=5)
plt.title("xtyxyyyy", fontsize=14)
plt.xlabel("Value", fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("SquareS", fontsize=14)
plt.tick_params(axis='both', labelsize=14)
plt.show()
matplotlib.pyploy.scatter
绘制散点图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
xv=list(range(1, 1000))
yv=[x*x for x in xv]
plt.scatter(xv, yv, s=10)
plt.axis([0,1000,0,1000000])
plt.show()
删除数据点轮廓
plt.scatter(xv, yv, s=10, edgecolors="none")
自定义颜色,可用RGB颜色模式和颜色函数(映射)
plt.scatter(xv, yv, s=10, edgecolors="none", c="red")
颜色
plt.scatter(xv, yv, s=10, edgecolors="none", c=(0,0,0.8))
RGB颜色
plt.scatter(xv, yv, s=10, edgecolors="none", c=xv,cmap=plt.cm.Reds)
颜色函数
执行时自动保存
plt.savefig("xty.png", bbox_inches="tight")
名字 裁剪空白区域
生成随机漫步散点图
from random import choice
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#设定一个随机漫步类,拥有散点数,起始位置属性
class RandomWalk():
def __init__(self, num_points=5000):
self.num_points = num_points
self.x_value = [0]
self.y_value = [0]
def fill_walk(self):
while len(self.x_value) < self.num_points:
x_direction = choice([1, -1])
x_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
y_direction = choice([1, -1])
y_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
#步数等于方向乘以步长
x_step = x_direction * x_distance
y_step = y_direction * y_distance
#放置原地踏步
if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
continue
#下一步等于现在位置,加下一步
next_x = self.x_value[-1] + x_step
next_y = self.y_value[-1] + y_step
#附加到列表中
self.x_value.append(next_x)
self.y_value.append(next_y)
while True:
rw = RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
#调整图像尺寸
plt.figure(figsize=(10,6),dpi=100)
#开始漫步
plt.scatter(rw.x_value, rw.y_value, s=1,c=list(range(rw.num_points)),cmap=plt.cm.Blues)
#设置起点
plt.scatter(0,0,c="green",edgecolors="none",s=10)
#设置终点
plt.scatter(rw.x_value[-1],rw.y_value[-1],c="red",edgecolors="none",s=10)
#隐藏坐标轴
plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)
#开始展示
plt.show()
#判断是否再次随机漫步
keep_running = input("play again?(Y/N)")
if keep_running == "n"or"N":
break