#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import requests try: import cookielib except: import http.cookiejar as cookielib import re import time import os.path try: from PIL import Image except: pass from bs4 import BeautifulSoup # 构造 Request headers #从配置表获取 # agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3294.6 Safari/537.36' # # headers = { # # "Host": "www.zhihu.com", # # "Referer": "https://www.zhihu.com/", # # 'User-Agent': agent # # } cookie_file = 'cookie.txt' header={ 'Host': 'www.zhihu.com', 'Referer': 'http://www.zhihu.com', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36', } # 使用登录cookie信息 session = requests.session() session.cookies = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(filename=cookie_file) try: session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True) except: print("Cookie 未能加载") def get_xsrf(): '''_xsrf 是一个动态变化的参数''' index_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com' # 获取登录时需要用到的_xsrf index_page = session.get(index_url, headers=header) # html = index_page.cookies # pattern = r'name="_xsrf" value="(.*?)"' # # # 这里的_xsrf 返回的是一个list # # _xsrf = re.findall(pattern, html) xsrf = index_page.request._cookies.get("_xsrf") return xsrf # 获取验证码 def get_captcha(): t = str(int(time.time() * 1000)) captcha_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=' + t + "&type=login" r = session.get(captcha_url, headers=header) with open('captcha.jpg', 'wb') as f: f.write(r.content) f.close() # 用pillow 的 Image 显示验证码 # 如果没有安装 pillow 到源代码所在的目录去找到验证码然后手动输入 try: im = Image.open('captcha.jpg') im.show() im.close() except: print(u'请到 %s 目录找到captcha.jpg 手动输入' % os.path.abspath('captcha.jpg')) captcha = input("please input the captcha\n>") return captcha def isLogin(): # 通过查看用户个人信息来判断是否已经登录 url = "https://www.zhihu.com/settings/profile" login_code = session.get(url, headers=header, allow_redirects=False).status_code if login_code == 200: return True else: return False def login(secret, account): # 通过输入的用户名判断是否是手机号 if re.match(r"^1\d{10}$", account): print("手机号登录 \n") post_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num' postdata = { '_xsrf': get_xsrf(), 'password': secret, 'remember_me': 'true', 'phone_num': account, } else: if "@" in account: print("邮箱登录 \n") else: print("你的账号输入有问题,请重新登录") return 0 post_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/email' postdata = { '_xsrf': get_xsrf(), 'password': secret, 'remember_me': 'true', 'email': account, } try: # 不需要验证码直接登录成功 login_page = session.post(post_url, data=postdata, headers=header) login_code = login_page.text print(login_page.status_code) print(login_code) except: # 需要输入验证码后才能登录成功 postdata["captcha"] = get_captcha() login_page = session.post(post_url, data=postdata, headers=header) login_code = eval(login_page.text) print(login_code['msg']) cookie_path=cookie_file session.cookies.save(cookie_path) # try: # # input = raw_input # # except: # # pass ##将主页面的用户提问print到shell上 def getpage(url2): mainpage = session.get(url2, headers=header) soup=BeautifulSoup(mainpage.text,'html.parser') tags=soup.find_all("a",class_="question_link") #print tags for tag in tags: print (tag.string) def get_login_cookie(url): ''' 获取保存cookie :param url: :return: ''' if not os.path.exists(cookie_file): account = input('请输入你的用户名\n> ') secret = input("请输入你的密码\n> ") user_name = account passwd = secret login(passwd, user_name) try: cookie_jar = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(cookie_file) cookie_jar.load(ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True) print ('Load cookie succeeded') except cookielib.LoadError: return None else: cookie_d = {} for cookie in cookie_jar: domain = cookie.domain if url.find(domain) > 0: cookie_d[cookie.name] = cookie.value return cookie_d if __name__ == '__main__': if isLogin(): print('您已经登录') url2='https://www.zhihu.com' getpage(url2) else: account = input('请输入你的用户名\n> ') secret = input("请输入你的密码\n> ") login(secret, account)
python3 爬取知乎 模拟登录
猜你喜欢
转载自www.cnblogs.com/procedureMonkey/p/9856395.html
今日推荐
周排行