websocketpp库编译的心路历程

其他 2018-10-30 22:21:46 阅读次数: 0
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35440678/article/details/83239798

前因后果

最近需要用到websocket，google找到star最高的websockpp库，打算引入进来，但整个编译过程异常艰辛，出现各种异常错误，本文做个统一记录和梳理，以作备忘。

编译过程

github下载源码

https://github.com/zaphoyd/websocketpp

编译demo

websocketpp/examples/echo_client

先来看下CMakeList.txt文件

file (GLOB SOURCE_FILES *.cpp)# 设置全局变量
file (GLOB HEADER_FILES *.hpp)# 设置全局变量

init_target (echo_client)# 调用init_target，初始化项目名称为echo_client

build_executable (${TARGET_NAME} ${SOURCE_FILES} ${HEADER_FILES}) #编译二进制

link_boost () # 链接boost库
final_target () # 完成目标输出

set_target_properties(${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES FOLDER "examples") #设置目标输出属性

执行在websocketpp/examples/echo_client目录执行cmake .
，报如下错误

## 遇到问题1 编译找不到init_target命令
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:5 (init_target):
  Unknown CMake command "init_target".

提示找不到init_target命令，找了下init_target命令定义在

https://github.com/zaphoyd/websocketpp/blob/master/cmake/CMakeHelpers.cmake

解决方法有两个：

  1. 先将CMakeHelpers.cmake 引入进来（遗留问题：暂未找到cmake如何引入其他cmakelist文件？）
  2. 简单的方法直接将CMakeHelpers.cmake内容copy到examples/echo_client/CMakeList.txt 前面；

这里为了简单采用第2中方法，修改后的CMakeList.txt文件内容如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11)

# Print build configuration
macro (print_used_build_config)
    message ("\n=========== Used Build Configuration =============\n")
    message (STATUS "ENABLE_CPP11        = " ${ENABLE_CPP11})
    message (STATUS "BUILD_EXAMPLES      = " ${BUILD_EXAMPLES})
    message (STATUS "BUILD_TESTS         = " ${BUILD_TESTS})
    message ("")
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_ROOT    = " ${WEBSOCKETPP_ROOT})
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_BIN     = " ${WEBSOCKETPP_BIN})
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_LIB     = " ${WEBSOCKETPP_LIB})
    message (STATUS "Install prefix      = " ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX})
    message ("")
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS        = ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}")
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_PLATFORM_LIBS     = ${WEBSOCKETPP_PLATFORM_LIBS}")
    message (STATUS "WEBSOCKETPP_PLATFORM_TLS_LIBS = ${WEBSOCKETPP_PLATFORM_TLS_LIBS}")
    message ("")
    message (STATUS "OPENSSL_FOUND        = ${OPENSSL_FOUND}")
    message (STATUS "OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR     = ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    message (STATUS "OPENSSL_LIBRARIES = ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES}")
    message (STATUS "OPENSSL_VERSION = ${OPENSSL_VERSION}")
    message ("")
endmacro ()

# Adds the given folder_name into the source files of the current project.
# Use this macro when your module contains .cpp and .h files in several subdirectories.
# Your sources variable needs to be WSPP_SOURCE_FILES and headers variable WSPP_HEADER_FILES.
macro(add_source_folder folder_name)
    file(GLOB H_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name} ${folder_name}/*.hpp ${folder_name}/*.h)
    file(GLOB CPP_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name} ${folder_name}/*.cpp ${folder_name}/*.c)
    source_group("Header Files\\${folder_name}" FILES ${H_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name}})
    source_group("Source Files\\${folder_name}" FILES ${CPP_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name}})
    set(WSPP_HEADER_FILES ${WSPP_HEADER_FILES} ${H_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name}})
    set(WSPP_SOURCE_FILES ${WSPP_SOURCE_FILES} ${CPP_FILES_IN_FOLDER_${folder_name}})
endmacro()

# Initialize target.
macro (init_target NAME)
    set (TARGET_NAME ${NAME})
    message ("** " ${TARGET_NAME})

    # Include our own module path. This makes #include "x.h"
    # work in project subfolders to include the main directory headers.
    include_directories (${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} )
    include_directories ( ${WEBSOCKETPP_LIB}  )
endmacro ()

# Build executable for executables
macro (build_executable TARGET_NAME)
    set (TARGET_LIB_TYPE "EXECUTABLE")
    message (STATUS "-- Build Type:")
    message (STATUS "       " ${TARGET_LIB_TYPE})

    add_executable (${TARGET_NAME} ${ARGN})

    include_directories (${WEBSOCKETPP_ROOT} ${WEBSOCKETPP_INCLUDE})

    target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${WEBSOCKETPP_PLATFORM_LIBS} ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_chrono.a ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_system.a ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_random.a)

#    set_target_properties (${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY /Users/yin/code/go_proj/src/aggregated-exchange/)
    set_target_properties (${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES DEBUG_POSTFIX d)
endmacro ()

# Build executable and register as test
macro (build_test TARGET_NAME)
    build_executable (${TARGET_NAME} ${ARGN})

    if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS 3)
        message(WARNING "CMake too old to register ${TARGET_NAME} as a test")
    else ()
        add_test(NAME ${TARGET_NAME} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET_NAME}>)
    endif ()
endmacro ()

# Finalize target for all types
macro (final_target)
    if ("${TARGET_LIB_TYPE}" STREQUAL "EXECUTABLE")
        install (TARGETS ${TARGET_NAME}
                RUNTIME DESTINATION "bin"
                CONFIGURATIONS ${CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES})
    endif ()

    install (DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/${TARGET_NAME}
            DESTINATION include/
            FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.hpp*")
endmacro ()

macro (link_boost)
    target_link_libraries (${TARGET_NAME} ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
    set_property(TARGET ${TARGET_NAME} APPEND PROPERTY INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})
endmacro ()

macro (link_openssl)
    target_link_libraries (${TARGET_NAME} ${OPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY} ${OPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY})
    set_property(TARGET ${TARGET_NAME} APPEND PROPERTY INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
endmacro ()

macro (link_zlib)
    target_link_libraries (${TARGET_NAME} ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
    set_property(TARGET ${TARGET_NAME} APPEND PROPERTY INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR})
endmacro ()

macro (include_subdirs PARENT)
    file (GLOB SDIRS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} "${PARENT}/*")
    foreach (SUBDIR ${SDIRS})
        if (EXISTS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${SUBDIR}/CMakeLists.txt")
            add_subdirectory ("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${SUBDIR}")
        endif ()
    endforeach ()
endmacro()


file (GLOB SOURCE_FILES *.cpp)# 设置全局变量
file (GLOB HEADER_FILES *.hpp)# 设置全局变量

init_target (echo_client)# 调用init_target，初始化项目名称为echo_client

build_executable (${TARGET_NAME} ${SOURCE_FILES} ${HEADER_FILES}) #编译二进制

link_boost () # 链接boost库
final_target () # 完成目标输出

set_target_properties(${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES FOLDER "examples") #设置目标输出属性

再次执行编译，又提示找不到头文件：

/Users/code/src/websocketpp/examples/echo_client/echo_client.cpp:28:10: fatal error: 'websocketpp/config/asio_no_tls_client.hpp' file not found
#include <websocketpp/config/asio_no_tls_client.hpp>
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.

原因是没有设置WEBSOCKETPP_LIB路径，解决：
加上一行：
set(WEBSOCKETPP_LIB /Users/code/src/websocketpp )
如果有提示找不到boost库头文件，需要先安装boost库。

又出现boost库链接错误：

/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/mac/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/echo_client.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/c++  -g -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names  CMakeFiles/echo_client.dir/echo_client.cpp.o  -o echo_clientd 
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "boost::chrono::steady_clock::now()", referenced from:
      boost::asio::detail::chrono_time_traits<boost::chrono::steady_clock, boost::asio::wait_traits<boost::chrono::steady_clock> >::now() in echo_client.cpp.o
  "boost::random::random_device::random_device()", referenced from:
      websocketpp::random::random_device::int_generator<unsigned int, websocketpp::concurrency::basic>::int_generator() in echo_client.cpp.o
  "boost::random::random_device::~random_device()", referenced from:
      websocketpp::random::random_device::int_generator<unsigned int, websocketpp::concurrency::basic>::~int_generator() in echo_client.cpp.o
      websocketpp::random::random_device::int_generator<unsigned int, websocketpp::concurrency::basic>::int_generator() in echo_client.cpp.o
  "boost::random::random_device::operator()()", referenced from:
      unsigned int boost::random::detail::generate_uniform_int<boost::random::random_device, unsigned int>(boost::random::random_device&, unsigned int, unsigned int, mpl_::bool_<true>) in echo_client.cpp.o
  "boost::system::system_category()", referenced from:
      boost::asio::error::get_system_category() in echo_client.cpp.o
      boost::system::error_code::error_code() in echo_client.cpp.o
  "boost::system::generic_category()", referenced from:
      boost::thread_exception::thread_exception(int, char const*) in echo_client.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[3]: *** [echo_clientd] Error 1
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/echo_client.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/echo_client.dir/rule] Error 2
make: *** [echo_client] Error 2

需要链接boost库：

set(WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.67.0_1/lib)

 target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_chrono.a ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_system.a ${WEBSOCKETPP_BOOST_LIBS}/libboost_random.a)

再次编译：

** echo_client
-- -- Build Type:
--        EXECUTABLE
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/code//websocketpp/examples/echo_client

[Finished]

大功告成！看到[Finish]那一刹那整个人都释怀了，总算搞定了。看来自己对编译链接的知识了解得不够，尤其是CMake更应该多学习，不然引入一个开源库都要折腾半天，时间实在划不来

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