VPS搭建Web服务器（JDK，Tomcat，Nginx，MySQL，SSL）

一、下载软件

jdk：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

tomcat：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi

mysql：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ （centos下载Linux-Generic版本）

nginx：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

pcre：https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/

httpd：http://httpd.apache.org/

apr：http://apr.apache.org/

二.使用WinSCP（没有去下载一个）

将下载好的软件通过WinSCP传送到/usr/local

三.安装jdk

3.1查看jdk压缩包：

      # ls 
    

3.2解压压缩包：（注意版本号，如果不同，修改即可）

      # tar -xvf jdk1.8.0_121.tar.gz 
    

然后改下名字（太长不好记）：

      # mv jdk1.8.0_121 jdk1.8 
    

3.3配置环境变量：

      # vi /etc/profile 
    

在文件末尾插入：（注意版本号，如果不同，修改即可）

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

3.4保存后让修改生效：

      # source /etc/profile 
    

3.5查看java是否安装成功：java -version

四.安装Tomcat

4.1 查看压缩文件：

      # ls 
    

4.2解压文件：（注意版本号，如果不同，修改即可）

      # tar -xvf apache-tomcat-8.5.11.tar.gz 
    

4.3然后改下名字（太长不好记）：

      # mv apache-tomcat-8.5.11 tomcat 
    

4.4添加服务、开机启动服务

切换至/usr/lib/systemd/system/目录，建立tomcat.service文件并输入以下内容：

       # Systemd unit file for tomcat 
     
       [Unit] 
     
       Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container 
     
       After=syslog.target network.target 
     
       [Service] 
     
       Type=forking 
     
       Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8 
     
       Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid 
     
       Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat 
     
       Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat 
     
       Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC' 
     
       Environment='JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom' 
     
       ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 
     
       ExecStop=/usr/local/kill -15 $MAINPID 
     
       User=tomcat 
     
       Group=tomcat 
     
       UMask=0007 
     
       RestartSec=10 
     
       Restart=always 
     
       [Install] 
     
       WantedBy=multi-user.target

刷一下：

      systemctl daemon-reload 
    

启动：

      systemctl start tomcat 
    

开机启动

      systemctl enable tomcat 
    

测试：在浏览器输入服务器ip:8080

例如你的服务器ip是：139.199.211.49

输入：139.199.211.49:8080

如果不想用8080这个端口号，可以在conf文件夹下的server.xml配置文件中修改

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

post修改为80即可

测试结果：

五、安装nginx

5.1首先需要安装PCRE

# tar zxvf pcre-8.40.tar.gz //解压

# cd pcre-8.40

# ./configure

# make && make install//编译并安装

5.2安装Nginx

# tar zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz //解压

# cd nginx-1.10.3

# ./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module//启动server状态页和https模块

# make && make install //编译并安装

5.3 设置开机启动，方式跟tomcat类似

      # vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service 
    

输入以下内容

       [Unit] 
     
       Description=nginx - high performance web server 
     
       After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target 
     
       [Service] 
     
       Type=forking 
     
       PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid 
     
       ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
     
       ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
     
       ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID 
     
       ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID 
     
       PrivateTmp=true 
     
       [Install] 
     
       WantedBy=multi-user.target

刷一下：

      systemctl daemon-reload 
    

设置开机启动和开启服务

systemctl enable nginx.service

systemctl start nginx.service

5.3Nginx + Tomcat 实现动静态分离

动静态分离就是Nginx处理客户端的请求的静态页面(html页面)或者图片，Tomcat处理客户端请求的动态页面（jsp页面），因为Nginx处理的静态页面的效率高于Tomcat。

一下是个人对nginx的理解，我画的一个图

5.3.1 我们要配置 Nginx 文件+文件准备

目的：我现在3个域名 www.xxx.com:8080

game.xxx.com:8081

blog.xxx.com:8082

这三个域名分别占用8080 8081 8082 三个端口

nginx开启80端口监听，遇到动态请求时，分别通过不同的域名，转发到响应的tomcat服务器中

首先将tomcat下的webapps复制三份，分别改名web_index web_game web_blog

在三个文件夹中分别创建index.html 并随便写点东西为了测试使用

然后配置nginx文件

#vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

      user root; 
    
      #user  nobody; 
    
      worker_processes  1; 
    
      error_log  logs/error.log; 
    
      #error_log  logs/error.log  notice; 
    
      #error_log  logs/error.log  info; 
    
      pid        logs/nginx.pid; 
    
      events { 
    
          worker_connections  1024; 
    
      } 
    
      http { 
    
          include       mime.types; 
    
          default_type  application/octet-stream; 
    
          log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' 
    
                            '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' 
    
                            '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; 
    
          access_log  logs/access.log  main; 
    
          sendfile        on; 
    
          #tcp_nopush     on; 
    
          #keepalive_timeout  0; 
    
          keepalive_timeout  65; 
    
      gzip on; 
    
      gzip_min_length  1k; 
    
      gzip_buffers     4  16k; 
    
      gzip_http_version 1.0; 
    
      gzip_comp_level 2; 
    
      gzip_types  text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; 
    
      gzip_vary on; 
    
      server { 
    
              listen       80; 
    
              server_name  xxx.cn; 
    
              location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { 
    
                  root   /usr/local/tomcat/web_index/ROOT; 
    
                  expires      30d; 
    
              } 
    
              error_page  404              /404.html; 
    
              error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html; 
    
              location = /50x.html { 
    
                  root   html; 
    
              } 
    
              location ~  \.(jsp|do|action)$  { 
    
                  proxy_pass http://139.199.211.49:8080; 
    
                  proxy_redirect off; 
    
                  proxy_set_header Host $host; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
    
                  client_max_body_size 10m;   #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数 
    
                  client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数 
    
                  proxy_connect_timeout 90;   #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间 
    
                  proxy_read_timeout 90;     #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间 
    
                  proxy_buffer_size 4k;      #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小 
    
                  proxy_buffers  6  32k;       #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置 
    
                  proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2） 
    
                  proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传 
    
              } 
    
          } 
    
          server { 
    
              listen       80; 
    
              server_name  game.xxx.cn; 
    
              location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { 
    
                  root   /usr/local/tomcat/web_game/ROOT; 
    
                  expires      30d; 
    
              } 
    
              error_page  404              /404.html; 
    
              error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html; 
    
              location = /50x.html { 
    
                  root   html; 
    
              } 
    
              location ~  \.(jsp|do|action)$  { 
    
                  proxy_pass http://139.199.211.49:8081; 
    
                  proxy_redirect off; 
    
                  proxy_set_header Host $host; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
    
                  client_max_body_size 10m;   #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数 
    
                  client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数 
    
                  proxy_connect_timeout 90;   #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间 
    
                  proxy_read_timeout 90;     #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间 
    
                  proxy_buffer_size 4k;      #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小 
    
                  proxy_buffers  6  32k;       #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置 
    
                  proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2） 
    
                  proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传 
    
              } 
    
          } 
    
      server { 
    
              listen       80; 
    
              server_name  blog.xxx.cn; 
    
              location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { 
    
                  root   /usr/local/tomcat/web_blog/ROOT; 
    
                  expires      30d; 
    
              } 
    
              error_page  404              /404.html; 
    
              error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html; 
    
              location = /50x.html { 
    
                  root   html; 
    
              } 
    
              location ~  \.(jsp|do|action)$  { 
    
                  proxy_pass http://139.199.211.49:8082; 
    
                  proxy_redirect off; 
    
                  proxy_set_header Host $host; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
    
                  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
    
                  client_max_body_size 10m;   #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数 
    
                  client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数 
    
                  proxy_connect_timeout 90;   #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间 
    
                  proxy_read_timeout 90;     #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间 
    
                  proxy_buffer_size 4k;      #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小 
    
                  proxy_buffers  6  32k;       #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置 
    
                  proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2） 
    
                  proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传 
    
              } 
    
          } 
    
      }

5.3.2修改 tomcat配置 文件

#vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

       <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
     
       <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> 
     
         <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" /> 
     
         <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> 
     
         <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> 
     
         <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> 
     
         <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> 
     
         <GlobalNamingResources> 
     
           <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" 
     
                     type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" 
     
                     description="User database that can be updated and saved" 
     
                     factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" 
     
                     pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> 
     
         </GlobalNamingResources> 
     
         <Service name="Catalina"> 
     
           <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
     
                      connectionTimeout="20000" 
     
                      redirectPort="8443" /> 
     
           <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.xxx.cn"> 
     
             <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> 
     
               <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" 
     
                      resourceName="UserDatabase"/> 
     
             </Realm> 
     
             <Host name="www.xxx.cn"  appBase="web_index" 
     
                   unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> 
     
               <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" 
     
                      prefix="web_index_log" suffix=".txt" 
     
                      pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" /> 
     
             </Host> 
     
           </Engine> 
     
         </Service> 
     
         <Service name="Catalina"> 
     
           <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
     
                      connectionTimeout="20000" 
     
                      redirectPort="8444" /> 
     
           <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="game.xxx.cn"> 
     
             <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> 
     
               <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" 
     
                      resourceName="UserDatabase"/> 
     
             </Realm> 
     
             <Host name="game.xxx.cn"  appBase="web_game" 
     
                   unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> 
     
               <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" 
     
                      prefix="web_game_log" suffix=".txt" 
     
                      pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" /> 
     
             </Host> 
     
           </Engine> 
     
         </Service> 
     
       <Service name="Catalina"> 
     
           <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
     
                      connectionTimeout="20000" 
     
                      redirectPort="8444" /> 
     
           <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="blog.xxx.cn"> 
     
             <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> 
     
               <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" 
     
                      resourceName="UserDatabase"/> 
     
             </Realm> 
     
             <Host name="blog.xxx.cn"  appBase="web_blog" 
     
                   unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> 
     
               <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" 
     
                      prefix="web_blog_log" suffix=".txt" 
     
                      pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" /> 
     
             </Host> 
     
           </Engine> 
     
         </Service> 
     
       </Server>

5.3.3启动服务

启动tomcat服务：

       # cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin 
     
       # ./startup.sh

启动nginx服务：

       # cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin 
     
       # ./nginx

5.3.4测试

访问静态资源

访问动态资源

没毛病！！！！

5.3.5 ab压力测试

使用ab压力测试，需要安装apache服务器，因为Apache中自带ab压力测试

安装apache服务器

1）将下载好的httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz压缩文件放入到/usr/local下

2）准备好apr-1.5.2.tar.gz和 apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

3）将httpd解压后有个srclib目录，将apr和apr-util的包解压到srclib，去掉版本号。安装httpd时自动安装apr与apr-util。

# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.9.tar.gz

# cd /software/httpd-2.4.9/srclib

# tar -zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz

# mv apr-1.5.1 apr

# mv apr-util-1.5.3 apr-util

# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/httpd -with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

# make

# make install

4）开始压力测试

# cd /usr/local/httpd/bin

# ./ab -c 100 -n 100 http://139.199.211.49/index.html

# ./ab -c 100 -n 100 http://139.199.211.49:8080/index.html

经过ab压力测试得出一下数据

./ab -c 100 -n 100 http://139.199.211.49/index.html

     Server Software:        nginx/1.10.3 
   
     Server Hostname:        139.199.211.49 
   
     Server Port:            80 
   
     Document Path:          /index.html 
   
     Document Length:        29 bytes 
   
     Concurrency Level:      100 
   
     Time taken for tests:   0.014 seconds 
   
     Complete requests:      100 
   
     Failed requests:        0 
   
     Total transferred:      33200 bytes 
   
     HTML transferred:       2900 bytes 
   
     Requests per second:    6993.50 [#/sec] (mean) 
   
     Time per request:       14.299 [ms] (mean) 
   
     Time per request:       0.143 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 
   
     Transfer rate:          2267.42 [Kbytes/sec] received 
   
     Connection Times (ms) 
   
                   min  mean[+/-sd] median   max 
   
     Connect:        3    4   0.2      4       4 
   
     Processing:     9   10   0.1     10      10 
   
     Waiting:        9    9   0.0      9       9 
   
     Total:         13   13   0.3     13      14 
   
     Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 
   
       50%     13 
   
       66%     13 
   
       75%     14 
   
       80%     14 
   
       90%     14 
   
       95%     14 
   
       98%     14 
   
       99%     14 
   
      100%     14 (longest request)

./ab -c 100 -n 100 http://139.199.211.49:8080/index.html

     Server Software:        apache- tomcat 
   
     Server Hostname:        139.199.211.49 
   
     Server Port:            8080 
   
     Document Path:          /index.html 
   
     Document Length:        29 bytes 
   
     Concurrency Level:      100 
   
     Time taken for tests:   0.178 seconds 
   
     Complete requests:      100 
   
     Failed requests:        0 
   
     Total transferred:      24300 bytes 
   
     HTML transferred:       2900 bytes 
   
     Requests per second:    560.38 [#/sec] (mean) 
   
     Time per request:       178.451 [ms] (mean) 
   
     Time per request:       1.785 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 
   
     Transfer rate:          132.98 [Kbytes/sec] received 
   
     Connection Times (ms) 
   
                   min  mean[+/-sd] median   max 
   
     Connect:        6    7   0.4      7       7 
   
     Processing:    22  118  41.5    128     170 
   
     Waiting:       22  118  41.5    128     169 
   
     Total:         29  125  41.4    136     177 
   
     Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 
   
       50%    136 
   
       66%    152 
   
       75%    154 
   
       80%    167 
   
       90%    169 
   
       95%    174 
   
       98%    175 
   
       99%    177 
   
      100%    177 (longest request)

可以得出结论：1使用nginx反向代理服务器确实能提高访问静态资源的访问速度

2而且从另一个角度也减小了对tomcat服务器的压力

六、安装MySQL数据库

1.将压缩文件拿过来

2. 解压到 /usr/local/mysql 目录

# mkdir /usr/local/mysql

# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

# mv mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

3. 创建 /usr/local/mysql/data 目录

# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

4. 创建mysql用户和修改软件的权限

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -r -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin (创建mysql用户并设置不可登录)

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

5. 初始化数据(切换当前目录到/usr/local/mysql)

# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

2016-01-20 02:47:35 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize

2016-01-20 02:47:45 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:

2016-01-20 02:47:45 [WARNING] 2016-01-19T18:47:36.732678Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead

2016-01-19T18:47:36.750527Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

2016-01-19T18:47:36.750560Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

6. 复制配置文件到 /etc/my.cnf

# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf (如果问是否替换选择Y)

7. mysql的服务脚本放到系统服务中

# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# service mysqld start

# cat /root/.mysql_secret

# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-01-20 03:22:59

:urhGegwacIa

# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

# mysql -uroot -p(输入:urhGegwacIa)

修改密码

# ./mysqladmin -u root -p password

Enter password:

New password:

Confirm new password:

8、修改配置文件

      cd /usr/local/mysql/support- 
     files
 
     cp my-default.cnf /etc/ 
     my.cnf
 
     cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/ 
     mysql
 vim /etc/my.cnf 
    

9、配置环境变量

   # vi /etc/profile 
 

    # source /etc/profile 
  

10、配置MYSQL开机启动

 
    chmod  
    755 /etc/init.d/ 
    mysqld
 chkconfig -- 
    add mysqld 
   

     chkconfig --level  
    345 mysqld on 
   

11、查看MySQL编码，登录mysql状态下

   show variables like 'character_set%%'; 
 

    +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
  
    | Variable_name | Value | 
  
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
  
    | character_set_client | utf8 | 
  
    | character_set_connection | utf8 | 
  
    | character_set_database | latin1 | 
  
    | character_set_filesystem |binary| 
  
    | character_set_results | utf8 | 
  
    | character_set_server | latin1 | 
  
    | character_set_system | utf8 | 
  
    | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
  
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

修改编码方法

   # vi/etc/my.cnf 
 

    [mysqld] 
  
    character_server_set=utf8 
  
    ************** 
  
    * 
  
    * 
  
    * 
  
    ************** 
  
    [mysql] 
   
 default-character-set=utf8 
   
 [mysql.server] 
   
 default-character-set=utf8 
   
 [mysql_safe] 
   
 default-character-set=utf8 
   
 [client] 
   
 default-character-set=utf8

12、修改远程连接数据库的权限

成功登录数据库后

    use mysql; 
  
    select host,user from user; 
  
    update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; 
  
    grant all privileges  on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root";

ps：说明一种情况：我安装MySQL之后，重启机器，然后就无法登陆mysql

我网上找到以下办法，亲测可用，好使！！！

 
   #1.停止mysql数据库 
  

 
   /etc/init 
   .d 
   /mysqld  
   stop 
  

 
   #2.执行如下命令 
  

 
   mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking & 
  

 
   #3.使用root登录mysql数据库 
  

 
   mysql -u root mysql 
  

 
   #4.更新root密码 
  

 
   mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD( 
   'newpassword' 
   ) where USER= 
   'root' 
   ; 
  

 
   #最新版MySQL请采用如下SQL：因为不同版本mysql这张表的字段不一样 
  

 
   mysql> UPDATE user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD( 
   'newpassword' 
   ) where USER= 
   'root' 
   ; 
  

 
   #5.刷新权限  
  

 
   mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 
  

 
   #6.退出mysql 
  

 
   mysql> quit 
  

 
   #7.重启mysql 
  

 
   /etc/init 
   .d 
   /mysqld  
   restart 
  

 
   #8.使用root用户重新登录mysql 
  

 
   mysql -uroot -p  
  

 
   Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword> 
  

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