启用注解时，
applicationContext.xml文件头部需要加入

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 

但是接着会报错误

BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before access

原因是还要在bean头文件中加入http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

bean头文件配置

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsdx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    <context:annotation-config/>