SpringCloud 注册与发现 之 注册中心高可用集群 Eureka
1、注册中心的存在
- 服务提供者启动会注册到注册中心,并会定期发起心跳通知,告知注册中心“我还活着,别把我干掉”。
- 服务消费者到注册中心订阅服务,并拉取调用的服务列表到本地缓存,这是服务消费者发现服务提供者的过程。
- 服务消费者从服务列表中调用服务进行消费。
- 注册中心 是微服务治理的一部分。
2、注册中心集群
先看效果图:
以本机模拟两台服务器部署注册中心应用的场景,两台服务器对应端口分别为9001,9000.
下面看下配置
- 创建一个项目 spring cloud
- eureka-server module (端口9000)
- eureka-server2 module (端口9001)
项目pom配置文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.zhjw</groupId>
<artifactId>cn.zhjw.cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.14.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<!-- Guava 工具类 -->
<guava.version>23.6-jre</guava.version>
<!-- Protobuf Version -->
<protobuf.version>2.5.0</protobuf.version>
<!-- Aliyun Logging -->
<aliyun.logging.version>0.1.6</aliyun.logging.version>
<!-- Fast Json Version-->
<fastjson.version>1.2.40</fastjson.version>
<!-- Lombok 工具 -->
<lombok.version>1.16.20</lombok.version>
<!-- Mysql 配置 -->
<mysql.version>6.0.6</mysql.version>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<druid.version>1.1.6</druid.version>
<!-- Spring Cloud Version -->
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
<!-- jodd mail Version -->
<jodd-mail.version>3.8.5</jodd-mail.version>
<!-- freemarker Version -->
<freemarker.version>2.3.25-incubating</freemarker.version>
<!-- 基本配置 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<springboot.version>1.5.14.RELEASE</springboot.version>
<spring-test.version>4.3.13.RELEASE</spring-test.version>
</properties>
<modules>
<!-- 注册中心 1-->
<module>eureka-server</module>
<!-- 注册中心 2-->
<module>eureka-server2</module>
</modules>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Cloud 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring-test.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- Logger Api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--<!– Devtools –>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>-->
<!-- Testing -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>${java.version}</source>
<target>${java.version}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- module eureka-server
- pom文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.zhjw</groupId> <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>eureka-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>cn.zhjw</groupId> <artifactId>cn.zhjw.cloud</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <skip>true</skip> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <mainClass>cn.zhjw.eurekaserver.EurekaServerApplication</mainClass> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
- application.properties
server.port=9000 spring.application.name=eurekaServer #注册中心实例名称 eureka.instance.appname=eurekaServer #实例以ip地址展示 eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true #注册中心实例hostname 设置为ip eureka.instance.hostname=${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress} #实例id 以 IP地址+服务端口号 eureka.instance.instance-id=${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port} #集群 #向注册中心注册自己 eureka.client.register-with-eureka=true #拉取注册中心注册项 eureka.client.fetch-registry=true #注册中心集群地址,多个server地址以英文逗号隔开 eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:9001/eureka/,http://127.0.0.1:9000/eureka/
- main 入口启动类
package cn.zhjw.eurekaserver; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; @SpringBootApplication //加入注册中心服务注解 @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args); } }
- module eureka-server1 相关配置及代码 类似 上面的配置,不再一一写了。
搞完代码后,启动server及server1项目,两者就构成了注册中心集群。在实际部署时,请将eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone 属性中的ip、端口号替换为实际服务器ip及端口号。
3、加入安全认证
我们可能有这样一个需求:外部服务想要注册进来时需要认证通过后才能注册到注册中心来。那么针对EurekaServer 需要满足下面的做法:
- pom文件中加入依赖安全配置:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
- properities配置文件中修改的属性项如下:
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://${security.user.name}:${security.user.password}@127.0.0.1:9001/eureka/,http://${security.user.name}:${security.user.password}@127.0.0.1:9000/eureka/
#安全认证
security.basic.enabled=true
security.user.name=username
security.user.password=password
- 启动eureka server1 与 eureka server2 ,在浏览器url输入 localhost:9000,回车
- 各个服务注册到注册中心时,也需要在其配置文件中加入配置项,比如Client1服务中:
register.server.user.name=username
register.server.user.password=password
#安全认证
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://${register.server.user.name}:${register.server.user.password}@127.0.0.1:9001/eureka/,http://${register.server.user.name}:${register.server.user.password}@127.0.0.1:9000/eureka/
- 验证注册成功
4、结束
最后说下注册进来的实例。
可以看下下图
- Application 的名字:这个取配置项 eureka.instance.appname得属性值;
- Avaliability Zones: 数字2,代表相同的应用名字的实例数,Ribbon 负载均衡的效果就在请求多实例的服务时体现的。
- Status:Up指的在线的数量,后面的ip+port 拉取的eureka.instance.instance-id 的属性。