接收消息text–微信企业号开发
前言:
接收消息是有移动端在企业号中发送消息,微信服务器收到信息加密后,发送到指定的服务中(例如:企业服务器的服务地址中,也可以是自己写web工程服务中),然后在自己的服务中解密,获取其中信息,然后处理,按照返回格式拼接字符,之后加密发送给微信服务器,微信服务器处理信息,展示到企业号中;
接收消息难度在于加密与解密,获取解密个个字段信息,且按照格式发送各种信息;附上整个项目war包,修改部分参数变量,直接可以用
注意点:
1 获取url请求字段时用:request.getParameter(“xxxx”),不要使用接收请求参数整体request.getQueryString()之后自己做处理;
2 在建立web工程时,引入jar时,需要将jar放到WEB-INF中的lib文件夹中,因为有时候启动tomcat时,也需要用到jar,如果不发到lib中可能出错(无法找到相应的类);
3 在其中用到微信提供的工具类时,会用到codec的jar(import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;),有可能出错,所以我用的是:import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
建立web工程
使用java建立本地web工程,编写处理请求的服务,使用httpservlet类,写一个简单servlet,可以处理请求和发送请求,GET和POST请求;
我以前练习写的servlet:
内网穿刺,网络访问本地
使用ngrok软件,简单易用,用于测试;因为需要将本地的web工程通过网络可以访问,所以需要将本地映射到一个网址上,参考本连接的3中方式,选ngrok:免费
加入工具类
在企业微信api文档中下载加密解密工具类;java的url验证,加密,解密连接
同时其中需要注意的问题和操作也要多加注意:
工具类中有例子:Sample ,可根据这个类,做修改;
能抄就抄吧
url校验
写好servlet处理类后,第一步,需要校验能处理url的验证;必须在1s内解密且明文回复,如何处理参考Sample ,校验是用到是get请求;
需要配置在企业号后台,一下是我配置好后的:
完成url校验后,使用发送text信息,这个使用的post请求;
发送文本信息
发送文本信息,处理text和image之外的返回相同信息;
这个serlvet代码如下:
package servlet;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import util.AesException;
import util.MediaUploadUtil;
import util.WXBizMsgCrypt;
import util.WxworkUtil;
public class ResponseNews extends HttpServlet {
// 设置企业号后台参数
static String sToken = "QDG6eK";
static String sEncodingAESKey = "jWmYm7qr5nMoAUwZRjGtBxmz3KA1tkAj3ykkR6q2B2C";
static String sCorpID = "ww248ac59c619621da";
static String sAgentId = "1000002";
static String corpsecret = "uXWrHT-Kxjttu1nDga-fdKqs6SCi01cq-nVb4bfXsSE";
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
SimpleDateFormat sFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-mm-dd HH:mm:ss");
//System.out.println("request-url:" + request.getRequestURL().toString());
System.out.println("ResponseNews----get--" + sFormat.format(new Date()));
//System.out.println("请求格式:" + request.getContentType());
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String getContextPath = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ getContextPath + "/";
//System.out.println("basePath:" + basePath);
/*
* String getRemoteAddress=request.getRemoteAddr(); String
* getServletPath =request.getServletPath(); String
* getServletContext_getRealPath =request.getServletPath();
*/
String getRequestURL = request.getRequestURL().toString();
//System.out.println("getRequestURL:" + getRequestURL);
/*
* String getRequestURI =request.getRequestURI(); String getRemoteUser
* =request.getRemoteUser();
*/
String getQueryString = request.getQueryString();
//System.out.println("请求参数getQueryString:" + getQueryString);
// System.out.println("需要解密的字段,获取其中echostr信息:"+teMap.get("echostr"));
//System.out.println("request.getParameter--" + request.getParameter("echostr"));
String sVerifyMsgSig = request.getParameter("msg_signature");
String sVerifyTimeStamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
String sVerifyNonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
String sVerifyEchoStr = request.getParameter("echostr");
String sEchoStr = null; // 需要返回的明文
WXBizMsgCrypt wxcpt = null;
if (sEncodingAESKey.length() != 43) {
System.out.println("sEncodingAESKey 长度异常");
}
try {
wxcpt = new WXBizMsgCrypt(sToken, sEncodingAESKey, sCorpID);
sEchoStr = wxcpt.VerifyURL(sVerifyMsgSig, sVerifyTimeStamp, sVerifyNonce, sVerifyEchoStr);
System.out.println("解密结果verifyurl echostr: " + sEchoStr);
// 验证URL成功,将sEchoStr返回
} catch (Exception e) {
// 验证URL失败,错误原因请查看异常
e.printStackTrace();
}
/*
* response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//设置将字符以"UTF-8"编码输出到客户端浏览器
* response.setHeader("content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
* response.setContentType("text/htmll;charset=utf-8");
*/
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String numbers = sEchoStr;
out.println(numbers);
}
/**
* The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to
* post.
*
* @param request
* the request send by the client to the server
* @param response
* the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurred
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 获取accestoken后,发送post请求,目前发送txt格式,发送的参数为json格式
JSONObject jsparam = new JSONObject();
JSONObject jsparam2 = new JSONObject();
WXBizMsgCrypt wxcpt = null;
String sReqMsgSig = null;//
String sReqTimeStamp = null;// 时间戳
String sReqNonce = null;// 随机数
// 解密消息参数
String ToUserName = null;// 发送信息用户名
String MsgId = null;// 此次消息的msgid
String Content = null;// 请求消息
try {
wxcpt = new WXBizMsgCrypt(sToken, sEncodingAESKey, sCorpID);
} catch (AesException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("处理Post()请求------");
System.out.println("request信息如下:");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
/*
* String getContextPath = request.getContextPath(); String basePath =
* request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.
* getServerPort()+getContextPath+"/"; String getServletPath =
* request.getServletPath(); String getRemoteUser =
* request.getRemoteUser(); String getRequestUri =
* request.getRequestURI();
*/
String getRequestUrl = request.getRequestURL().toString();
String getQueryString = request.getQueryString();
// 获取请求体
BufferedReader bReader = request.getReader();
String str, sReqData = "";
while ((str = bReader.readLine()) != null) {
sReqData += str;
}
// System.out.println("getContextPath:"+getContextPath);
// System.out.println("basePath:"+basePath);
System.out.println("getRequestUrl:" + getRequestUrl);
// System.out.println("getRequestUri:"+getRequestUri);
// System.out.println("getQueryString:" + getQueryString);
System.out.println("请求body的加密信息:" + sReqData);
// 对url中的参数进行校验和处理
if (getQueryString == null && ("").equals(getQueryString)) {
System.out.println("请求url的参数为空");
}
System.out.println("获取url参数后,需要解密");
sReqMsgSig = request.getParameter("msg_signature");
sReqTimeStamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
sReqNonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
String sMsg = "";
try {
sMsg = wxcpt.DecryptMsg(sReqMsgSig, sReqTimeStamp, sReqNonce, sReqData);
System.out.println("解密结果after decrypt msg: " + sMsg);
// TODO: 解析出明文xml标签的内容进行处理
// For example:
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
StringReader sr = new StringReader(sMsg);
InputSource is = new InputSource(sr);
Document document = db.parse(is);
Element root = document.getDocumentElement();
NodeList nodelist1 = root.getElementsByTagName("Content");
Content = nodelist1.item(0).getTextContent();
ToUserName = root.getElementsByTagName("AgentID").item(0).getTextContent();
MsgId = root.getElementsByTagName("MsgId").item(0).getTextContent();
System.out.println("解析企业号发送信息Content:" + Content);
} catch (AesException e) {
System.out.println("获取request参数及body后,解析异常");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("response信息");
response.setContentType("text/htmll;charset=utf-8");
/*
* 处理返回的加密信息 其中xml中的Nonce是随机数,TimeStamp是时间戳 sReqTimeStamp,
* sReqNonce取自请求request参数
*
*/
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
// String sRespData =
// "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[mycreate]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[wx5823bf96d3bd56c7]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>1348831860</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[this
// is a
// test]]></Content><MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId><AgentID>128</AgentID></xml>";
// String sRespData =
// "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[PengWu]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[wx5823bf96d3bd56c7]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>1348831860</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[this
// is a
// test]]></Content><MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId><AgentID>1000002</AgentID></xml>";
String sRespData = "";
if (("text").equals(Content)) {
sRespData = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName
+ "]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[wx5823bf96d3bd56c7]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>"
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA["
+ "response news -- test,type:text" + "]]></Content><MsgId>" + MsgId + "</MsgId><AgentID>"
+ sAgentId + "</AgentID></xml>";
} else if (("image").equals(Content)) {
sRespData="200";
} else {
sRespData = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName + "]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[" + sCorpID
+ "]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA["
+ "text" + "]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[" + Content + "]]></Content><MsgId>" + MsgId
+ "</MsgId><AgentID>" + sAgentId + "</AgentID></xml>";
}
// String sRespData = ToXmlString("response news -- test ",ToUserName);
try {
String sEncryptMsg = wxcpt.EncryptMsg(sRespData, sReqTimeStamp, sReqNonce);
System.out.println("相应消息加密结果--after encrypt sEncrytMsg: " + sEncryptMsg);
out.println(sEncryptMsg);
// 加密成功
// TODO:
// HttpUtils.SetResponse(sEncryptMsg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
// 加密失败
}
}
// 对于txt格式的xml生成
private String ToXmlString(String content, String ToUserName) {
Random random = new Random();
// "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[mycreate]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[wx5823bf96d3bd56c7]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>1348831860</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[this
// is a
// test]]></Content><MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId><AgentID>128</AgentID></xml>";
String lString = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[{0}]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[{1}]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[{3}]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[{4}]]></Content><MsgId>{5}</MsgId><AgentID>{6}</AgentID></xml>";
lString = String.format(lString, ToUserName, sCorpID, System.currentTimeMillis(), "text", content,
random.nextInt(214748364) + 1, sAgentId);
// String s =
// "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[{0}]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[{1}]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[{3}]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[{4}]]></Content></xml>";
// s = String.format(s,"wzwl005", sCorpID, System.currentTimeMillis(),
// "text", content);
return lString;
}
}