- sys模块
import sys
def _add(a, b):
return a + b
def _sub(a, b):
return a - b
def _mul(a, b):
return a * b
def _div(a, b):
return a / b
def caculate(num1, num2, op):
'''四则运算'''
'''
op_ls = ['+', '-', 'x', '/']
fun_ls = [_add, _sub, _mul, _div]
for i in range(len(op_ls)):
if op_ls[i] == op:
return (fun_ls[i])(num1, num2)
'''
op_fun = {'+':_add, '-':_sub, 'x':_mul
- time模块
import time # 时间戳 tm = time.time() # 时间结构 ltime = time.localtime() print(ltime.tm_year) # 时间字符串 str_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", ltime) print(str_time)
- 验证模块的使用
__author__='zhangzongyan' # import pag.moduler as pm # from pag.moduler import _test from pag.moduler import * # 私有函数(_或__开头的函数)没导入 import hw import sys if __name__ == '__main__': print(__name__) print(__doc__) print(__author__) # 得到模块的搜索路径 print(sys.path) # pm._test() test()
导用模块的目录下应:touch __init__.py
import main print(main.__name__) print(main.__doc__) print(main.__author__)
- 面向对象(oop):
类:抽象概念,类型
对象:实际物体,类实例化对象
属性:
描述类---》类属性
描述对象---》实例属性
# 面向过程描述学生的成绩 d = {'miguitian':80, 'yangzhichao':88, 'zhangxue':100, 'liuhongsheng':12} # 抽象类型 class Student(object): count = 0 # 类属性:类名.属性名 def __init__(self, score): # --->构造函数:实例化对象时自动调用的 # print('__init__ is called') # self : 当前对象 self.score = score Student.count += 1 # 实例方法 def setName(self, name): if 1 < len(name) < 32: self.name = name return True else: return False def run(self): print('%s is running' % self.name) def __del__(self): # 析构方法:对象销毁的时候自动调用调用 print('delete.....') # 实例化对象 s1 = Student(100) # 访问对象的属性 print(s1.score) s1.name = 'chenyunliang' print(s1.name) del s1 s2 = Student(98) print(s2.score) # 调用方法 s2.setName('python') print(s2.name) s2.run() print('学生对象有%d个'%Student.count)
# 抽象类型 class Student(object): count = 0 # 类属性:类名.属性名 def __init__(self, score): # --->构造函数:实例化对象时自动调用的 self.__score = score # 私有属性,只允许在本类中访问 Student.count += 1 # 实例方法 def setName(self, name): if 1 < len(name) < 32: self.name = name return True else: return False def run(self): print('%s is running' % self.name) def getScore(self): self.__privateFun() return self.__score # 私有方法 def __privateFun(self): print('private....') def __del__(self): # 析构方法:对象销毁的时候自动调用调用 print('delete.....') # 实例化对象 s1 = Student(100) # 访问对象的属性 print(s1.getScore()) # 私有属性---》解释器做了名字的修改 print(s1._Student__score) # 私有方法 # s1.__privateFun() s1._Student__privateFun()
- 继承
class Animal(object): def __init__(self, name, age=1, color='white'): # 重写 self.name = name self.age = age self.__color = color # _Animal__color def show(self): print(self.name, self.age, self.__color) class Dog(Animal): def __init__(self, name, age, breed): # 调用父类方法 # Animal.__init__(self, name, age) # super(Dog, self).__init__(name, age) super().__init__(nam