一、开发环境、测试环境与生产环境加载不同数据的配置方式
1.@Profile注解应用
@Profile注解配置方式,
1)配置在类上(只有prod或者dev profile激活时,才会创建对应的bean)
package com.myapp; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder; import javax.sql.DataSource; @Configuration @Profile("dev") public class DevelopmentProfileConfig { @Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown") public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder() .addScript("classpath:schema.sql") .addScript("classpath:test-data.sql") .build(); } }
package com.myapp; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile; import org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean; import javax.sql.DataSource; @Configuration @Profile("prod") public class ProductionProfileConfig { @Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown") public DataSource jndiDataSource() { JndiObjectFactoryBean jndiObjectFactoryBean = new JndiObjectFactoryBean(); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setJndiName("jdbc/myDS"); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setResourceRef(true); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setProxyInterface(javax.sql.DataSource.class); return (DataSource) jndiObjectFactoryBean.getObject(); } }
2)配置在方法上(3.1之后版本开始支持,之前版本不支持,只有当规定的profile激活时,相应的bean才会被创建,没有指定profile的bean始终都会被创建)
package com.myapp; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType; import org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean; @Configuration public class DataSourceConfig { @Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown") @Profile("dev") public DataSource embeddedDataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder() .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2) .addScript("classpath:schema.sql") .addScript("classpath:test-data.sql") .build(); } @Bean @Profile("prod") public DataSource jndiDataSource() { JndiObjectFactoryBean jndiObjectFactoryBean = new JndiObjectFactoryBean(); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setJndiName("jdbc/myDS"); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setResourceRef(true); jndiObjectFactoryBean.setProxyInterface(javax.sql.DataSource.class); return (DataSource) jndiObjectFactoryBean.getObject(); } }
2、基于xml配置方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <beans profile="dev"> <jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2"> <jdbc:script location="classpath:schema.sql" /> <jdbc:script location="classpath:test-data.sql" /> </jdbc:embedded-database> </beans> <beans profile="prod"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" lazy-init="true" jndi-name="jdbc/myDatabase" resource-ref="true" proxy-interface="javax.sql.DataSource" /> </beans> </beans>
二、激活profile
Spring在确定那个profile处于激活状态是,需要依赖两个独立的属性:spring.profiles.active和spring.profiles.default。优先级spring.profiles.active > spring.profiles.default
如果这两个参数都没有设置的情况下,profile不会激活,只会创建没有定义在profile中的bean
profile激活方式:
1)作为DispatcherServlet的初始化参数;
2)作为Web应用的上下文参数;
3)作为JNDI条目;
4)作为环境变量;
5)作为JVM的系统属性;
6)在继承测试类上,使用@ActiveProfiles注解设置
在Servlet上下文中配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>SpringDemo</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name> <param-value>dev</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name> <param-value>dev</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
spring.profiles.active和spring.profiles.default支持同时激活多个profile,可以通过列出多个profile名称,并以逗号分隔来实现