缘由：使用hive on spark 进行hivesql操作的时候报以下错误：
Failed to execute spark task, with exception 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException(Failed to create spark client.)' FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.spark.SparkTask查了一堆资料之后，有的说hiveException 30041是内存不足的原因，有的说是yarn-site.xml内存配置的问题，试过之后都不行，于是决定重新编译以下spark。
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1. 安装maven
// 1）将安装包解压到指定目录
[hadoop@hadoop01 apache-maven-3.6.0]$ tar -zxf /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.5.3-bin.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/apps
// 2）配置maven环境变量，并测试maven是否安装成功
[hadoop@hadoop01 apache-maven-3.6.0]$ vi ~/.bash_profile
# maven
export MAVEN_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/apache-maven-3.6.0
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
#export MAVEN_OPTS="-Xmx2048m -XX:MetaspaceSize=1024m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=1524m -Xss2m"
#export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
// 3）更新环境变量
[hadoop@hadoop01 apache-maven-3.6.0]$ source ~/.bash_profile
// 4）运行命令查看maven是否配置成功
[hadoop@hadoop01 apache-maven-3.6.0]$ mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.6.0 (3383c37e1f9e9b3bc3df5050c29c8aff9f295297; 2018-012-21T03:31:02-04:00)
Maven home: /home/hadoop/apps/apache-maven-3.6.0
Java version: 1.8.0_171, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
// 5）建议配置一下阿里云镜像
[hadoop@hadoop01 apps]$cd /home/hadoop/app/maven-3.6.0/conf
[hadoop@hadoop01 conf]$vi settings.xml
<mirror>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>2.下载Spark源码
1）解压spark-2.3.1到工作目录
[hadoop@hadop01 apps]$ tar -zxf spark-2.3.1.tgz
[hadoop@hadop01 apps]$ cd spark-2.3.1
[root@master work]# ll
total 4
drwxrwxr-x. 29 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 spark-2.3.1
[hadoop@hadop01 apps]$ cd spark-2.3.1/
[hadoop@hadop01 spark-2.3.1]$ ll
total 228
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 2318 Jun 1 13:34 appveyor.yml
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 43 Jun 1 13:34 assembly
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 75 Jun 1 13:34 build
drwxrwxr-x. 9 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 common
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 conf
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 995 Jun 1 13:34 CONTRIBUTING.md
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 core
drwxrwxr-x. 5 andy andy 47 Jun 1 13:34 data
drwxrwxr-x. 6 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 dev
drwxrwxr-x. 9 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 docs
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 examples
drwxrwxr-x. 15 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 external
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 graphx
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 20 Jun 1 13:34 hadoop-cloud
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 launcher
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 18045 Jun 1 13:34 LICENSE
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 licenses
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 mllib
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 mllib-local
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 24913 Jun 1 13:34 NOTICE
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 101718 Jun 1 13:34 pom.xml
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 project
drwxrwxr-x. 6 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 python
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 R
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 3809 Jun 1 13:34 README.md
drwxrwxr-x. 5 andy andy 64 Jun 1 13:34 repl
drwxrwxr-x. 5 andy andy 46 Jun 1 13:34 resource-managers
drwxrwxr-x. 2 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 sbin
-rw-rw-r--. 1 andy andy 17624 Jun 1 13:34 scalastyle-config.xml
drwxrwxr-x. 6 andy andy 4096 Jun 1 13:34 sql
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 streaming
drwxrwxr-x. 3 andy andy 30 Jun 1 13:34 tools3.编译Spark源码
//编译spark之前要确保 scala与Java的环境变量已经配置好了
#scala
export SCALA_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/scala-2.12.7
export PATH=$PATH:$SCALA_HOME/bin
#jdk
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/jdk1.8.0_171
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
#spark
export SPARK_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/spark-2.3.1-bin-hadoop2.7
export PATH=$PATH:$SPARK_HOME/bin
// 1) 设置Maven内存使用，您需要通过MAVEN_OPTS配置Maven的内存使用量，官方推荐配置如下：
[hadoop@hadoop01 spark-2.3.1]$ set -Xmx2048m -XX:MetaspaceSize=1024m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize
=1524m -Xss2m
// 2) 编译 (命令查询网址：http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/building-spark.html)
// 2.1) 首先，在spark-2.3.1目录下执行：
[hadoop@hadoop01 spark-2.3.1]$./build/mvn -Pyarn -Phadoop-2.7 -Dhadoop.version=2.7.3 -DskipTests clean package
/**
* 注意 2.1执行成功之后才能执行2.2，顺序不能乱，否则报错
*/
// 2.2) 然后，在spark-2.3.1/dev目录下执行：
[hadoop@hadoop01 dev]$./make-distribution.sh --name "hadoop2-without-hive" --tgz "-Pyarn,hadoop-provided,hadoop-2.7.3,parquet-provided"[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading from central: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/apache/18/apache-18.pom
Downloaded from central: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/apache/18/apache-18.pom (16 kB at 4.8 kB/s)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO]
[INFO] Spark Project Parent POM [pom]
[INFO] Spark Project Tags [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Sketch [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Local DB [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Networking [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Shuffle Streaming Service [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Unsafe [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Launcher [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Core [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project ML Local Library [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project GraphX [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Streaming [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Catalyst [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project SQL [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project ML Library [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Tools [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Hive [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project REPL [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project YARN Shuffle Service [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project YARN [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Hive Thrift Server [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Assembly [pom]
[INFO] Spark Integration for Kafka 0.10 [jar]
[INFO] Kafka 0.10 Source for Structured Streaming [jar]
[INFO] Spark Project Examples [jar]
[INFO] Spark Integration for Kafka 0.10 Assembly [jar]
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< org.apache.spark:spark-parent_2.11 >-----------------
3）编译成功
