1、Ctrl+Alt+T组合键打开终端，先安装一些Packages

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX# sudo apt-get install build-essential

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX# sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX# sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

2、下载OpenCV2.4.10库，解压到/home/opencv文件夹中。

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/SetUp# unzip opencv-2.4.10.zip -d /home/XXX/opencv

3、cmke一下opencv库

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/SetUp# cd /home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10# mkdir release
root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10# cd release
root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10/release# cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

4、make文件，这个过程需要一段时间的。

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10/release# make

root@ubuntu:/home/XXX/opencv/opencv-2.4.10/release# sudo make install