搭建SpringMVC有两种主要的方法：传统的XML方式和Java Servlet方式。这里会穿插讲解，以便较好的比较两种方式，但基本实现原理都是差不多的。

1.配置DispatcherServlet

DispatcherServlet是SpringMVC的核心。在这里请求互第一次接触到框架，它要负责将请求路由到其它的组件中。

下面是一个Servlet容器：

package com.spittr.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
		return new Class<?>[] { RootConfig.class};
	}

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
		return new Class<?>[] {WebConfig.class};
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		return new String[] {"/"};
	}

	

}

getServletMapping()将一个或多个路径映射到DispatcherServlet上。在本例中，它映射的是“/”，表示它会是应用默认的Servlet，它会处理进入应用的所有请求。 

package com.spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages= {"com.spittr.*"},excludeFilters= {@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,value=EnableWebMvc.class)})
public class RootConfig {

}

package com.spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.spittr.*")
public class WebConfig{
	@Bean
	public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
		InternalResourceViewResolver resolver=new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
		resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
		return resolver;
	}
}

同样，我们也可以在web.xml中进行配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  
  
  
  
    <servlet>
    	<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    	<!-- 配置DispatcjerServlet的一个初始化参数：配置SpringMVC配置文件的位置和名称 -->
    	<!-- 实际上也可以不通过contextConfigLocation来配置SpringMVC的配置文件，而使用默认的 
    		  默认的配置文件为：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
    	--> 
    	<init-param>
    	    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    	</init-param>
    	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
    	<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">


	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.*"></context:component-scan>
	
	
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=""></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

2.编写基本的控制器

这是SpringMVC中最重要的部分。

无论是哪种方式配置的，编写控制器的部分都是相同的。

package com.spittr.config;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HomeController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/home")
	public String home() {
		System.out.println("home...");
		return "home";
	}
}