scrapy debug信息
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.1 started (bot: tencent)
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.2.5.0, libxml2 2.9.5, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.0, w3lib 1.19.0, Twisted 18.9.0, Python 3.6.5 (v3
.6.5:f59c0932b4, Mar 28 2018, 17:00:18) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 18.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.0i 14 Aug 2018), cryptography 2.3.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0
.17134-SP0 ### 爬虫scrpay框架依赖的相关模块和平台的信息
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'tencent', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'tencent.spiders', 'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True, 'SPIDER_MO
DULES': ['tencent.spiders'], 'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/53
7.36'} ### 自定义的配置信息哪些被应用了
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions: ### 插件信息
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: ### 启动的下载器中间件
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.robotstxt.RobotsTxtMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: ### 启动的爬虫中间件
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: ### 启动的管道
['tencent.pipelines.TencentPipeline']
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened ### 开始爬去数据
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2019-01-19 09:50:48 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://hr.tencent.com/robots.txt> (referer: None) ### 抓取robots协议内容
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start=#a0> (referer: None) ### start_url发起请求
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite] DEBUG: Filtered offsite request to 'hr.tencent.com': <GET https://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start=> ### 提示错误,爬虫中通过yeid交给引擎的请求会经过爬虫中间件,由于请求的url超出allowed_domain的范围,被offsitmiddleware 拦截了
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished) ### 爬虫关闭
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats: ### 本次爬虫的信息统计
{'downloader/request_bytes': 630,
'downloader/request_count': 2,
'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,
'downloader/response_bytes': 4469,
'downloader/response_count': 2,
'downloader/response_status_count/200': 2,
'finish_reason': 'finished',
'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 19, 1, 50, 51, 558634),
'log_count/DEBUG': 4,
'log_count/INFO': 7,
'offsite/domains': 1,
'offsite/filtered': 12,
'request_depth_max': 1,
'response_received_count': 2,
'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
'start_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 19, 1, 50, 48, 628465)}
2019-01-19 09:50:51 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)
scrapy shell
- response.url:当前响应的url地址
- response.request.url:当前响应对应的请求的url地址
- response.headers:响应头
- response.body:响应体,也就是html代码,默认是byte类型
- response.requests.headers:当前响应的请求头
scrapy setting
-
获取settings
# 在爬虫类中,使用实例对象的settings属性即可 class TtSpider(scrapy.Spider): def parse(self, response): host = self.settings.get['HOST'] # 在管道中 class TencentPipeline(object): def process_item(self, item, spider): host = spider.settings.get['HOST']
-
setting.py的重要配置
USER_AGENT
设置uaROBOTSTXT_OBEY
是否遵守robots协议,默认是遵守CONCURRENT_REQUESTS
设置并发请求的数量,默认是16个DOWNLOAD_DELAY
下载延迟,默认无延迟COOKIES_ENABLED
是否开启cookie,即每次请求带上前一次的cookie,默认是开启的DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS
设置默认请求头SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES
爬虫中间件,设置过程和管道相同DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES
下载中间件
open_spider和close_spider
from pymongo import MongoClient
class SavePipeline(object):
def __init__(self):
self.client = MongoClient()
def open_spider(self, spider): # spider.name 这个爬虫开启的时候,仅执行一次
if spider.name == "sina":
spider.col = self.client['news']['sina']
elif spider.name == "163":
spider.col = self.client['news']['163']
def process_item(self, item, spider):
spider.col.insert(item)
return item
def close_spider(self, spider): # spider.name 这个爬虫关闭的时候,仅执行一次
pass