Rabbitmq_06 RPC

  RPC的全称是Remote procedure call,就是远程过程调用,在远端(服务器端)调用过程(函数),服务器回传结果,本地再收到结果。

  Rabbitmq主要为RPC提供传输请求和结果的途径,如下图。

   客户端发起请求是指定另外两个属性,reply-to属性表示将通过哪个管道收取请求的结果,correlation-id是每个请求都不同的唯一id,服务端的结果中,会附带该id;客户端收到结果后,会检查结果附带的id是否和请求中的id相同,如果不同则丢弃该结果。

  注意上图中的rpc_queue和reply_to指定的queue,前者是读取请求的队列,后者是读取结果的队列。

  下面是python实现RPC的代码,理解上面的请求响应结构后,下面的代码不难读懂

  客户端

#!/usr/bin/env python
import pika
import uuid

class FibonacciRpcClient(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

        self.channel = self.connection.channel()

        # 声明匿名队列,用于存储远程函数的结果
        result = self.channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
        self.callback_queue = result.method.queue

        self.channel.basic_consume(self.on_response, no_ack=True,
                                   queue=self.callback_queue)

    def on_response(self, ch, method, props, body):
        # 收到远程调用的结果之后,要检查结果的correlation id是否和发出请求时一致
        if self.corr_id == props.correlation_id:
            self.response = body

    def call(self, n):
        self.response = None
        self.corr_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
        self.channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                                   routing_key='rpc_queue',
                                   properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                                         # 在发出请求时,指定reply_to和correlation id两个属性
                                         reply_to = self.callback_queue,
                                         correlation_id = self.corr_id,
                                         ),
                                   body=str(n))
        while self.response is None:
            self.connection.process_data_events()
        return int(self.response)

fibonacci_rpc = FibonacciRpcClient()

print(" [x] Requesting fib(30)")
response = fibonacci_rpc.call(30)
print(" [.] Got %r" % response)

  服务端

#!/usr/bin/env python
import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(queue='rpc_queue')

def fib(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0
    elif n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)

def on_request(ch, method, props, body):
    n = int(body)

    print(" [.] fib(%s)" % n)
    response = fib(n)

    ch.basic_publish(exchange='',
                     routing_key=props.reply_to,
                     properties=pika.BasicProperties(correlation_id = \
                                                         props.correlation_id),
                     body=str(response))
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag = method.delivery_tag)

channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(on_request, queue='rpc_queue')

print(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests")
channel.start_consuming()

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/lovelaker007/p/10319670.html