Reference
[1] https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/adapter
1. Adapter Design Pattern 适配器模式
Adapter is a structural design pattern, which allows incompatible objects to collaborate.
You can create an adapter. This is a special object that converts the interface of one object so that another object can understand it.
When adapter receives a call to any of its methods, it translates parameters to appropriate format and then directs the call to one or several methods of the wrapped object.
Examples could be found here https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/adapter/java/example
2. Decorator 装饰者模式
Decorator is a structural design pattern that lets you attach new behaviors to objects by placing these objects inside special wrapper objects that contain the behaviors.
Wrapper is the alternative nickname for the Decorator pattern that clearly expresses the main idea of the pattern. A “wrapper” is an object that can be linked with some “target” object. The wrapper contains the same set of methods as the target and delegates to it all requests it receives. However, the wrapper may alter the result by doing something either before or after it passes the request to the target.
Examples could be found herehttps://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/decorator/java/example
3. Proxy 代理模式
Proxy is a structural design pattern that provides an object that acts as a substitute for a real service object used by a client. Proxy receives client requests, does some work (access control, caching, etc.) and then passes request to a service object. The proxy object has the same interface as a service, which makes it interchangeable with a real object when passed to a client.
Examples could be found here https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/proxy/java/example
Summary
To sum up, adapter design pattern invloves multiple different objects to work with each other. Decorator is mainly to wrap up one object and change the inputs and outputs before or after calling the methods of the object. Proxy design pattern acts like a real proxy of an actual service to clients, it will control the acces to the service object or return cached data for the real service.