查看一下dhcp有没有安装
# rpm -qa dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa dhcp [root@localhost ~]#
安装DHCP服务
# yum install dhcp -y
Installed: dhcp.x86_64 12:4.2.5-68.el7.centos.1 Dependency Updated: dhclient.x86_64 12:4.2.5-68.el7.centos.1 dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.2.5-68.el7.centos.1 dhcp-libs.x86_64 12:4.2.5-68.el7.centos.1 Complete! [root@localhost ~]#
查看dhcp的版本号
# rpm -qa dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa dhcp dhcp-4.2.5-68.el7.centos.1.x86_64
查看一下dhcp.conf配置文件
# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf # # DHCP Server Configuration file. # see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example # see dhcpd.conf(5) man page # [root@localhost ~]#
查看DHCP配置文件模板
# cat /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example
# # DHCP Server Configuration file. # see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example # see dhcpd.conf(5) man page # # dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd # # option definitions common to all supported networks... option domain-name "example.org"; option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org; default-lease-time 600; #默认租约时间 max-lease-time 7200; #最大租约时间 # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. #ddns-update-style none; # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative; # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). log-facility local7; # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the # DHCP server to understand the network topology. subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { } # This is a very basic subnet declaration. subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20; option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org; } # This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses, # which we don't really recommend. subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 { range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60; option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31; option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org; } # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30; option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org; option domain-name "internal.example.org"; option routers 10.5.5.1; option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; } # Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in # host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be # allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information # will still come from the host declaration. host passacaglia { hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95; filename "vmunix.passacaglia"; server-name "toccata.fugue.com"; } # Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses # should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment. # Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using # BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only # be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet # to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag # set. host fantasia { hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5; fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com; } # You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation # based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients # in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all # other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet. class "foo" { match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW"; } shared-network 224-29 { subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers rtr-224.example.org; } subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers rtr-29.example.org; } pool { allow members of "foo"; range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250; } pool { deny members of "foo"; range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230; } }
在配置文件中通常包括三部分,分别是声明(declarations)、参数(parameters)、选项(option)。
a、声明是用来描述dhcpd服务器中对网络布局的划分,是网络设置的逻辑范围。
B、参数用来表明如何执行任务,是否要执行任务或将哪些网络配置选项发送给客户。
c、选项是用来配置dhcp的可选参数,全部用option关键字作为开始。
配置实例
假设有一个公司的局域网,在该网络中用linux搭建dhcp服务器,网络中的ip地址网段为192.168.1.0,子网掩码为255.255.255.0,动态分配的ip地址区间为192.168.0.3~192.168.0.254,dns服务器地址为114.114.114.114,网关为192.168.1.1,公司总经理计算机的ip地址有特殊要求,设置ip地址为192.168.1.88。改如何进行配置?
我们只要把配置文件修改一下即可,如下:
# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.254;
ddns-update-style none;
ignore client-updates;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 518400;
option routers 192.168.1.55;
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8;
}
host fantasia {
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:eb:31:23;
fixed-address 192.168.1.88;
}
[root@localhost ~]#
重启DHCP服务器
# systemctl restart dhcpd
模拟总经理计算机
查看总经理计算机物理地址(MAC)
# cat /sys/class/net/eno16777736/address
[root@localhost ~]# cat /sys/class/net/eno16777736/address 00:0c:29:eb:31:23 [root@localhost ~]#
确认一下IP
参考博客:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_18831583/article/details/79001796
https://blog.csdn.net/kongxx/article/details/43523225
http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-1804738.html
end