在前一节使用数据库进行用户认证(form login using database)里,我们学习了如何把“登录帐号、密码”存储在db中,但是密码都是明文存储的,显然不太讲究。这一节将学习如何使用spring security3新加入的bcrypt算法,将登录加密存储到db中,并正常通过验证。
一、Bcrypt算法
int t = 0; String password = "123456"; System.out.println(password + " -> "); for (t = 1; t <= 10; t++) { BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); String hashedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(password); System.out.println(hashedPassword); } password = "MIKE123"; System.out.println(password + " -> "); for (t = 1; t <= 10; t++) { BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); String hashedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(password); System.out.println(hashedPassword); }
输出如下:
123456 ->
$2a$10$.Cjkvbgr2JzGkag9IdbT.Oc/sbY7wVqLgAHws7HCxqcI7eczKtCLq
$2a$10$OCOuRV0Wy7ncCND4LcKfMunVEWOzMOyyU95u5TkTRmJqYbsJNecEK
$2a$10$TXttsDZUaeEb2zX6wiwN0eqREKFoCDyh81Kfa6BgAcZ2hyqPNC0Ra
$2a$10$FfLx/gxq.FyeOBb0nbaVeusLhQjASSdY7w45i1ACl/rcYQMmhaXV2
$2a$10$JdPXAxmuz.WTP5gxYiYseeKRSM/HTFzJJdACcDQ4MdhaaLmC0SjI.
$2a$10$yVEWf2MrwjCyi51rUKqQle/MZb7vwcOf6Gwp.hDT2ZUchlyAtJ4pO
$2a$10$FfJg2ATit7btKfJovL6zmug//8rzToQn7FO.fxOzo1KtNNfhWKuca
$2a$10$pOLMkd13n7i3DtVijLEqze1zeURpjtVz5rAx1qOAPqCQvjGG/d6D.
$2a$10$fQ32i8JsjjmqVRpiEsgT3ekTKtrfXn.JNl69beWEx0.YgdX.SEx5e
$2a$10$78brJFSdftip0XXYx4rS6ewdu4SiSsMIBY9oNcLhAZwg3GysRGk2m
MIKE123 ->
$2a$10$U6KVh1NGxAIGYiM4YVgn6OAQt6ayAoLkh2lODv16rSpkS1iqfbR2C
$2a$10$t0FlEOBLEB8VwWJVoZRrweIRV0XyoBgm29c0SMqfqRK3ZBuvhgYbS
$2a$10$QpW6nHnWNhbTTjLq/NbzBu2Unp8ijwyPeUx2N2eMFWReFezosZ5fi
$2a$10$LtPzoQU0IluAgvP3/WhWquUv2AcDRh2ENhAeWDquiN/spitZYe/7q
$2a$10$Qcx7vUudzF7qzTjz.QpLKOby0tXQ4j.uqkInS1n4/6oD2r2eL0rZW
$2a$10$yZw7cdq1y9sjX8nZhYynseWjQ4jeVv76fPmBl.sg2xPvb8cyXD8Sq
$2a$10$kTmT6BQQE5LyRZ00Qas77.F5kxK0GxsW402ExosQswxmG.eBdgIZW
$2a$10$SRfHDNM.m3qX5y1O7V/cp.hQqgaXnKzfxBGRhLkAF39bufejuOieu
$2a$10$Sw5w2kTImJ5Y8UNlE/5/9OLaUgYxhCXU3P3gFBdEbs9PL8pCl60Q2
$2a$10$0mN8kNAl9GNr0c4K1Nr0b.MIcBW0QcPHB/f20hgeBuRfwvgZXT6hG
从 以上输出结果发现bcrypt算法与md5/sha算法有一个很大的区别,每次生成的hash值都是不同的,这样暴力猜解起来或许要更困难一些。同时大家 可能也发现了,加密后的字符长度比较长,有60位,所以用户表中密码字段的长度,如果打算采用bcrypt加密存储,字段长度不得低于60.
二、spring-security.xml
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd"> <http auto-config="true" use-expressions="true"> <intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="hasRole('ADMIN')" /> <!-- access denied page --> <access-denied-handler error-page="/403" /> <form-login login-page="/login" default-target-url="/welcome" authentication-failure-url="/login?error" username-parameter="username" password-parameter="password" /> <logout logout-success-url="/login?logout" /> <!-- enable csrf protection --> <csrf /> </http> <!-- Select users and user_roles from database --> <authentication-manager> <authentication-provider> <password-encoder ref="encoder" /> <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource" users-by-username-query="select d_username username,d_password password, d_enabled enabled from t_users where d_username=?" authorities-by-username-query="select d_username username, d_role role from t_user_roles where d_username=? " /> </authentication-provider> </authentication-manager> <beans:bean id="encoder" class="org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder"> <beans:constructor-arg name="strength" value="9" /> </beans:bean> </beans:beans>
对比上一节的内容,只是增加23行、30-33行
最后要做的事情,就是把db中原来明文的密码值,改成经过bcrypt加密后的字符串即可。
tips:如果你仍然喜欢用传统的sha算法来处理密码,只要把23行改成 <password-encoder hash="sha" /> 就可以了