版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/ZKX2015/article/details/50403644
/*************************************************
*版权所有 (C)2015 zhoukaixuan
*文件名称:学生信息管理系统.cpp
*文件标示:无
*功能:增添新键数据、修改删除数据、查询统计数据
*作者:周凯璇
*当前版本:v1.0
*完成日期:2015.11.24
************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <windows.h>
# define LEN sizeof(struct Student)
using namespace std;
struct Student /*构建结构体*/
{
char num[12];
char name[20];
char sex[10];
int age;
char phone[12];
char Email[12];
struct Student *next;
};
char filename[90];
/***********************************************************
*功能:生成链表
*输入:结构体各个信息
************************************************************/
struct Student *Creat(int n)
{
void menu_print_in(void);
struct Student *head;
struct Student *p1, *p2;
system("cls");
for(int i=1;i<n+1;i++)
{
p1 = (struct Student*)malloc(LEN); //将返回的指针强制转换
menu_print_in();
cin>>p1->num>>p1->name>>p1->sex>>p1->age>>p1->phone>>p1->Email;
p1->next = NULL;
if(i==1)
{
head = p2 = p1;
}
else
{
p2->next = p1;
p2 = p1;
}
}
return(head);
}
/***********************************************************
功能:数据存盘(wb,ab追加)
声明FILE指向FILe类型文件通过使用fopen、fclose和fwrite函数存盘
实现文件的存储。
**********************************************************/
void WriteData_wb(struct Student *head)
{
FILE *fp;
struct Student *p;
if((fp = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL) //只写打开或新建一个二进制文件;只允许写数据。
printf("不能打开此文件!");
p = head;
while(p!=NULL)
{
if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入数据出错\n");
fclose(fp); //关闭文件
return;
}
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
void WriteData_ab(struct Student *head)
{
FILE *fp;
struct Student *p;
if((fp = fopen(filename, "ab"))==NULL) //读写打开一个二进制文件,允许读或在文件末追加数据
printf("错误,不能读取文件");
p = head;
while(p!=NULL)
{
if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入数据出错\n");
fclose(fp);
return;
}
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*读取数据文件保存到链表中 ,返回指向此链表头指针*/
struct Student *ReadData(void)
{
struct Student *head = NULL;
struct Student *p1, *p2;
FILE *fp;
if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL)//打开一个二进制文件
{
printf("打开文件出错\n");
exit(0);
}
while(!feof(fp))
{
if((p1=(struct Student*)malloc(LEN))==NULL)
{
printf("申请出错\n");
fclose(fp);
exit(0);
}
if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{
free(p1);
break;
}
if(head==NULL)
head=p2=p1;
else
{
p2->next=p1;
p2=p1;
}
}
fclose(fp);
return (head);
}
/*全部显示*/
void Print_inquire_all(void)
{
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do
{
cout<<pt->num<<" "<<pt->name<<" "<<pt->sex<<" "<<pt->age<<" "<<pt->phone<<" "<<pt->Email<<" "<<endl;
pt = pt->next;
}
while(pt!=NULL);
printf("\n");
}
/*按学号查询*/
int Print_inquire_num()
{
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_num[10];
printf("请输入学号:");
cin>>str_num;
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do
{
if(strcmp(pt->num,str_num)==0)
{
cout<<pt->num<<" "<<pt->name<<" "<<pt->sex<<" "<<pt->age<<" "<<pt->phone<<" "<<pt->Email;
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
pt = pt->next;
}
while(pt!=NULL);
printf("没有存储要查询的数据!\n");
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
/*按姓名查询*/
int Print_inquire_name()
{
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_name[20];
printf("输入要查询的姓名:");
cin>>str_name;
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do
{
if(strcmp(pt->name,str_name)==0)
{
cout<<pt->num<<" "<<pt->name<<" "<<pt->sex<<" "<<pt->age<<" "<<pt->phone<<" "<<pt->Email;
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
pt = pt->next;
}while(pt!=NULL);
printf("没有存储要查询的数据!\n");
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
/*模糊查询*/
int Print_inquire_fuzzy(void)
{
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_find[20];
int m = 0;
printf("输入要查询的关键词:");
scanf("%s", str_find);
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do
{
if(strstr(pt->num,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->name,str_find)!=0 //判断是否为首址
||strstr(pt->sex,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->phone,str_find)!=0
||strstr(pt->Email,str_find)!=0)
{
cout<<pt->num<<" "<<pt->name<<" "<<pt->sex<<" "<<pt->age<<" "<<pt->phone<<" "<<pt->Email<<endl;
m = 1;
}
pt = pt->next;
}
while(pt!=NULL);
if(!m)
printf("没有存储要查询的数据!\n");
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
/*删除*/
int Delete()
{
struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
char str_num[20];
printf("\n输入要删除的学号:");
scanf("%s", str_num);
pt1 = ReadData();
pt2 = pt1->next;
head = pt1;
while(pt2!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0)
{
WriteData_wb(pt2);
}
else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0)
{
pt1->next = pt2->next;
WriteData_wb(head);
}
pt2 = pt2->next;
pt1 = pt1->next;
}
if(pt2!=NULL)
printf("没有存储要删除的数据!\n");
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*修改记录*/
int alter()
{
void menu_print_in(void);
struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
char str_num[20];
printf("请输入要修改的学号:");
scanf("%s", str_num);
pt1 = ReadData();
pt2 = pt1->next;
head = pt1;
while(pt2!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0)
{
menu_print_in();
cin>>pt1->num>>pt1->name>>pt1->sex>>pt1->age>>pt1->phone>>pt1->Email;
WriteData_wb(head);
}
else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0)
{
menu_print_in();
cin>>pt2->num>>pt2->name>>pt2->sex>>pt2->age>>pt2->phone>>pt2->Email;
WriteData_wb(head);
}
pt2 = pt2->next;
pt1 = pt1->next;
}
if(pt2!=NULL)
printf("没有存储要删除的数据!\n");
return 0;
}
/*输入写入数据的数量*/
int Creat_num(void)
{
printf("请输入您此次要添加的数据个数:");
int n;
if(scanf("%d", &n)!=1)
{
printf("错误!");
}
return n;
}
/*选择将要打开的文件*/
int File_name()
{
printf("\n输入要打开或创建的文件名称:");
if(scanf("%s", filename)!=1)
printf("错误");
return 0;
}
/*主菜单*/
void menu(void)
{
cout<<"********************************************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************学生信息管理系统***********************************"<<endl;
void menu_add(void);
void menu_inquire(void);
void menu_amend(void);
printf(" ===========学生信息管理系统V1.0=========== \n");
printf(" == == \n");
printf(" == 【1】添加数据 【3】修改数据 == \n");
printf(" == == \n");
printf(" == 【2】查询数据 【4】退出系统 == \n");
printf(" == == \n");
printf(" ============================================ \n");
printf(" 请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4')
{
printf(" 错误,请输入正确代码\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf(" 重新输入序号进入:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a)
{
case '1': File_name();menu_add();
break;
case '2': File_name();menu_inquire();
break;
case '3': File_name();menu_amend();
break;
case '4': exit(0);
break;
}
getchar();
}
/*添加数据*/
void menu_add(void)
{
system("cls");
getchar();
printf(" =================添加数据方式=============\n");
printf(" === ===\n");
printf(" === 【1】新建文件 【2】添加数据=== \n");
printf(" === 【3】返回菜单 ===\n");
printf(" =============================================== \n");
printf(" = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = \n");
printf(" 请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3')
{
printf(" 错误!请输入正确编码。");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf(" 重新输入序号进入:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a)
{
case '1': WriteData_wb(Creat(Creat_num()));
printf("\n 新建文件成功,数据已成功保存\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
menu_add();
break;
case '2': WriteData_ab(Creat(Creat_num()));
printf(" 数据已成功添加");
system("pause");
system("cls");
menu_add();
break;
case '3': system("cls");
getchar();
menu();
break;
}
}
/*查询数据*/
void menu_inquire(void)
{
system("cls");
getchar();
while(1)
{
system("cls");
printf(" ========================================= \n");
printf(" === 查询数据方式 ===\n");
printf(" === ===\n");
printf(" === 【1】学号查询 【3】模糊查询 ===\n");
printf(" === ===\n");
printf(" === 【4】全部显示 ===\n");
printf(" === ===\n");
printf(" === 【2】姓名查询 【5】返回菜单 ===\n");
printf(" ========================================= \n");
printf(" 请输入序号进入:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='3'&&a!='4'&&a!='5'&&a!='6')
{
printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf("重新输入序号进入:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a)
{
case '1': Print_inquire_num();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '2': Print_inquire_name();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '3': Print_inquire_fuzzy();system("pause");getchar();;
break;
case '4': Print_inquire_all();system("pause");getchar();;
break;
case '5': system("cls");getchar();menu();
break;
}
}
}
/*修改数据*/
void menu_amend(void)
{
system("cls");
getchar();
while(1)
{
system("cls");
printf(" ==============================================\n");
printf(" ==================修改数据====================\n");
printf(" ====【1】删除记录 【2】修改记录====\n");
printf(" ==== ====\n");
printf(" ==== ====\n");
printf(" ==== 【3】返回菜单 ====\n");
printf(" ==============================================");
printf("\n");
printf(" 请输入序号:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4')
{
printf(" 错误,请输入正确编码\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf(" 请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a)
{
case '1': Delete();
printf("\n\n 已成功删除指定数据\n");
system("pause");
getchar();
break;
case '2': alter();
printf("\n\n 已成功修改指定数据\n");
system("pause");
getchar();
break;
case '3': system("cls");
getchar();
menu();
break;
}
}
}
/*输入输出提示栏*/
void menu_print_in(void)
{
printf("========================================================================\n");
printf("学号 姓名 性别 出生日期 电话 E—mail \n");
printf("========================================================================\n");
}
void menu_print_out(void)
{
printf("==========================================================================\n");
printf("学号 姓名 性别 出生日期 电话 E—mail \n");
printf("==========================================================================\n");
}
/*主函数*/
int main(void)
{
SetConsoleTitle("学生信息管理系统");
menu();
return 0;
}