paramiko应用示例

一实战——SFTPClient类应用

1 说明

本示例为SFTPClient类的一个完整示例，实现了文件上传、下载、创建与删除目录等，需要注意的是，put和get方法需要指定文件名，不能省略。

2 代码

#coding=utf-8
#! /usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
username = "root"
password = "123456"
hostname = "192.168.0.120"
port = 22
try:
    t = paramiko.Transport((hostname,port))
    t.connect(username=username,password=password)
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
    sftp.put("2_2_1.py","/home/temp.py")  #上传文件
    sftp.get("/home/temp.py", "temp.py")  #下载文件
    sftp.mkdir("/home/userdir",0755)  #创建目录
    sftp.rmdir("/home/userdir")  #删除目录
    sftp.rename("/home/temp.py","/home/temp2.py")  #文件重命名
    print sftp.stat("/home/temp2.py")  #打印文件信息
    print sftp.listdir("/home")  #打印目录列表
    t.close()
except Exception,e:
    print "some wrong!"

3 结果

E:\Python\python_auto_maintain\venv\Scripts\python.exe E:/Python/python_auto_maintain/6_2_2.py
-rw-r--r--   1 0        0             824 27 Feb 21:44 ?
[u'cakin24', u'pyauto-master', u'clamav', u'test.txt', u'test.tar.gz', u'temp2.py']

Process finished with exit code 0

二实战——实现密钥方式登录远程主机

1 点睛

实现自动密钥登录方式。

第一步：需要配置与目标设备的密钥认证支持。

[root@localhost home]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
/root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? y
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:9/pGNxnQVWAWpss7PYtJcUDyHsCexgYY6NGWy/oOhTg [email protected]
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|     o.+ .o ..*++|
|    o = . .=.=.  |
|   . + . + .=.   |
|   ...o   *o +.  |
|  E ... So. = .o |
|   ...   . ..=+  |
|    ..     .=.o. |
|     ..    o.+ o |
|     ..   .o+ .  |
+----[SHA256]-----+

私钥文件可以存放在默认路径“~/.ssh/id_rsa”。

第二步：接下来同步公钥文件id_rsa.pub到目标主机，推荐使用ssh-copy-id公钥拷贝工具

[root@localhost home]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.101 (192.168.0.101)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:yCwrpGtjs8IILCWCLRqO3p05DPFWTZp/2iCEimgj1uU.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:e8:13:79:55:21:e3:40:67:f2:fd:5d:76:ab:4a:88:86.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
\S
Kernel \r on an \m
[email protected]'s password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '[email protected]'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

2 代码

#coding=utf-8
#！/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
import os
hostname='192.168.0.101'
username='root'
paramiko.util.log_to_file('syslogin.log')
ssh=paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.load_system_host_keys()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
privatekey = os.path.expanduser('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')  #定义私钥存放路径
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekey)  #创建私钥对象key
ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,username=username,pkey = key)
stdin,stdout,stderr=ssh.exec_command('free -m')
print stdout.read()
ssh.close()

3 结果

[root@localhost paramiko]# python simple5.py
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            993         289         461           6         242         561
Swap:          4095           0        4095

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