SpringBoot 2.0 集成h2+liquibase进行单元测试

单元测试的重要性不必多说，大家都知道，在以前我做单元测试经常有一个很头疼的事情，已经写好的unit test经常会因为数据库中的某个数据被其他开发人员有心或无心删掉，导致unit test在之前还能通过，但是时间一长要重跑单元测试的时候就一堆不通过的。现在有了h2数据库，这个问题可以说可以完美解决。h2数据库是内存数据库，完美支持各大关系型数据库如：MySql、Oracle的语法，h2数据库简直就是为数据持久层单元测试而生的。

废话不多说，直接来看看SpringBoot 的2.0版本如何集成h2+liquibase进行单元测试吧。

首先maven依赖：

<!--liquibase 依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
      <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--h2数据库 单元测试用 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
      <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.197</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.32</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

接下来看DAO层的简单demo：

public class Client implements Serializable {

    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String remark;
    private Date createdAt;
    private Date updatedAt;

    //省略 getter setter方法
}

@Mapper
public interface ClientMapper {

    public void insert(Client client);

    public Client queryById(Long id);
}

resources下面创建db/changelogs/目录添加文件changelog-master.xml，该文件为liquibase的配置文件。

changelog-master.xml文件和changelog-init.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<databaseChangeLog xmlns="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog
                        http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog/dbchangelog-3.5.xsd">

    <include file="changelog-init.xml" relativeToChangelogFile="true" />
</databaseChangeLog>


changelog-init.xml 内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<databaseChangeLog xmlns="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog
                        http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog/dbchangelog-3.5.xsd">

<changeSet id="20190116" author="lai yao">
    <createTable tableName="client">
        <column name="id" type="BIGINT UNSIGNED" autoIncrement="true">
            <constraints primaryKey="true" />
        </column>
        <column name="name" type="VARCHAR(20)">
            <constraints nullable="false" />
        </column>
        <column name="remark" type="VARCHAR(100)">
            <constraints nullable="true" />
        </column>
        <column name="created_at" type="TIMESTAMP(3)" defaultValueComputed="NOW(3)">
            <constraints nullable="false" />
        </column>
        <column name="updated_at" type="TIMESTAMP(3)" defaultValueComputed="NOW(3) ON UPDATE NOW(3)">
            <constraints nullable="true" />
        </column>
    </createTable>
</changeSet>
</databaseChangeLog>

最后单元测试：

public class TestApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<GenericApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(GenericApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        Properties props =new Properties();
        //根据需求添加测试使用的配置
        MutablePropertySources sources = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources();
        if(props != null && !props.isEmpty()){
            Map<String,Object> map =  new HashMap<>((Map)props);
            sources.addLast(new MapPropertySource("defaultProperties",map));
        }
    }
}

//单元测试demo
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {App.class},initializers = {TestApplicationContextInitializer.class})

public class AppTest {

    @Autowired
    private ClientMapper clientMapper;

    @Test
    public void testInsert() {
        Client client = new Client();
        client.setName("test");
        client.setRemark("lalal");
        client.setCreatedAt(new Date());
        client.setUpdatedAt(new Date());
        clientMapper.insert(client);
        System.out.println("lalalal");
    }
}

在这个单元测试类里面我加上了自定义的initializer，方便引入外部的配置文件。

SpringBoot 2.0 集成h2+liquibase进行单元测试

猜你喜欢