1. 创建根证书密钥文件(自己做CA)root.key：
openssl genrsa -des3 -out root.key
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -des3 -out root.key
Generating RSA private key, 512 bit long modulus
……………..++++++++++++
..++++++++++++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 输入一个新密码
Verifying – Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 重新输入一遍密码
2. 创建根证书的申请文件root.csr：
openssl req -new -key root.key -out root.csr
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key root.key -out root.csr
Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 输入前面创建的密码
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 国家代号，中国输入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省的全名，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市的全名，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不输入
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: ← 此时不输入
Email Address []:[email protected] ← 电子邮箱，可随意填
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: ← 可以不输入
An optional company name []: ← 可以不输入
3. 创建一个自当前日期起为期十年的根证书root.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_ca -signkey root.key -in root.req -out root.crt
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_ca -signkey root.key -in root.csr -out root.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./[email protected]
Getting Private key
Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 输入前面创建的密码
4. 创建服务器证书密钥server.key：
openssl genrsa –des3 -out server.key 2048
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
….+++
…………………………………………..+++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
运行时会提示输入密码,此密码用于加密key文件(参数des3便是指加密算法,当然也可以选用其他你认为安全的算法.),以后每当需读取此文件(通过openssl提供的命令或API)都需输入口令.如果觉得不方便,也可以去除这个口令,但一定要采取其他的保护措施!
去除key文件口令的命令:
openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key
5.创建服务器证书的申请文件server.csr：
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.req
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 国家名称，中国输入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省名，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市名，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不输入
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:www.mycompany.com ← 服务器主机名，若填写不正确，浏览器会报告证书无效，但并不影响使用
Email Address []:[email protected] ← 电子邮箱，可随便填
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: ← 可以不输入
An optional company name []: ← 可以不输入
6. 创建自当前日期起有效期为期两年的服务器证书server.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 730 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAserial root.srl -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.crt
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 730 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./CN=www.mycompany.com/[email protected]
Getting CA Private Key
Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 输入前面创建的密码
7. 创建客户端证书密钥文件client.key：
openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 2048
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
……………………………………………………………………………..+++
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….+++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
Enter pass phrase for client.key: ← 输入一个新密码
Verifying – Enter pass phrase for client.key: ← 重新输入一遍密码
8. 创建客户端证书的申请文件client.csr：
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
Enter pass phrase for client.key: ← 输入上一步中创建的密码
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 国家名称，中国输入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省名称，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市名称，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不填
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Lenin ← 自己的英文名，可以随便填
Email Address []:[email protected] ← 电子邮箱，可以随便填
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: ← 可以不填
An optional company name []: ← 可以不填
9. 创建一个自当前日期起有效期为两年的客户端证书client.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 730 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAserial root.srl -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.crt
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 730 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./CN=www.mycompany.com/[email protected]
Getting CA Private Key
Enter pass phrase for root.key: ← 输入上面创建的密码
10. 将客户端证书文件client.crt和客户端证书密钥文件client.key合并成客户端证书安装包client.pfx：
openssl pkcs12 -export -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx
输出内容为：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl pkcs12 -export -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx
Enter pass phrase for client.key: ← 输入上面创建的密码
Enter Export Password: ← 输入一个新的密码，用作客户端证书的保护密码，在客户端安装证书时需要输入此密码
Verifying – Enter Export Password: ← 确认密码
11. 保存生成的文件备用，其中server.crt和server.key是配置单向SSL时需要使用的证书文件，client.crt是配置双向SSL时需要使用的证书文件，client.pfx是配置双向SSL时需要客户端安装的证书文件
.crt文件和.key可以合到一个文件里面，把2个文件合成了一个.pem文件（直接拷贝过去就行了）