抖音抓取实战,为什么没有抓取数据?例如:有个互联网的电商生鲜公司,这个公司老板想在一些流量上投放广告,通过增加公司产品曝光率的方式,进行营销,在投放的选择上他发现了抖音,抖音拥有很大的数据流量,尝试的想在抖音上投放广告,看看是否利润和效果有收益。他们分析抖音的数据,分析抖音的用户画像,判断用户的群体和公司的匹配度,需要抖音的粉丝数,点赞数,关注数,昵称。通过用户喜好将公司的产品融入到视频中,更好的推广公司的产品。一些公关公司通过这些数据可以找到网红黑马,进行营销包装。源码:https://github.com/limingios/dockerpython.git (douyin)
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抖音分享页面
- 介绍
- >https://www.douyin.com/share/user/用户ID,用户ID通过源码中的txt中获取,然后通过链接的方式就可以打开对应的web端页面。然后通过web端页面。爬取基本的信息。
- 安装谷歌xpath helper工具
- >源码中获取crx
谷歌浏览器输入:chrome://extensions/
直接将xpath-helper.crx 拖入界面chrome://extensions/
安装成功后
快捷键 ctrl+shift+x 启动xpath,一般都是谷歌的f12 开发者工具配合使用。
开始python 爬取抖音分享的网站数据
分析分享页面https://www.douyin.com/share/user/76055758243
1.抖音做了反派机制,抖音ID中的数字变成了字符串,进行替换。
{'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':0}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':1}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':2}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':3}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':4}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':5}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':6}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':7}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':8}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':9},
2.获取需要的节点的的xpath
# 昵称 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text() #抖音ID //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text() #工作 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text() #描述 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text() #地址 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text() #星座 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text() #关注数 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text() #粉丝数 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text() #赞数 //div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()
- 完整代码
import re import requests import time from lxml import etree def handle_decode(input_data,share_web_url,task): search_douyin_str = re.compile(r'抖音ID:') regex_list = [ {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':0}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':1}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':2}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':3}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':4}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':5}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':6}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':7}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':8}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':9}, ] for i1 in regex_list: for i2 in i1['name']: input_data = re.sub(i2,str(i1['value']),input_data) share_web_html = etree.HTML(input_data) douyin_info = {} douyin_info['nick_name'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0] douyin_id = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']/p[@class='shortid']/i/text()")) douyin_info['douyin_id'] = re.sub(search_douyin_str,'',share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]).strip() + douyin_id try: douyin_info['job'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text()")[0].strip() except: pass douyin_info['describe'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text()")[0].replace('\n',',') douyin_info['location'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text()")[0] douyin_info['xingzuo'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text()")[0] douyin_info['follow_count'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")[0].strip() fans_value = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")) unit = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()") if unit[-1].strip() == 'w': douyin_info['fans'] = str((int(fans_value)/10))+'w' like = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")) unit = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']/span[@class='num']/text()") if unit[-1].strip() == 'w': douyin_info['like'] = str(int(like)/10)+'w' douyin_info['from_url'] = share_web_url print(douyin_info) def handle_douyin_web_share(share_id): share_web_url = 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/'+share_id print(share_web_url) share_web_header = { 'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.75 Safari/537.36' } share_web_response = requests.get(url=share_web_url,headers=share_web_header) handle_decode(share_web_response.text,share_web_url,share_id) if __name__ == '__main__': while True: share_id = "76055758243" if share_id == None: print('当前处理task为:%s'%share_id) break else: print('当前处理task为:%s'%share_id) handle_douyin_web_share(share_id) time.sleep(2)
mongodb
通过vagrant 生成虚拟机创建mongodb,具体查看
「docker实战篇」python的docker爬虫技术-python脚本app抓取(13)
su - #密码:vagrant docker >https://hub.docker.com/r/bitnami/mongodb >默认端口:27017 ``` bash docker pull bitnami/mongodb:latest mkdir bitnami cd bitnami mkdir mongodb docker run -d -v /path/to/mongodb-persistence:/root/bitnami -p 27017:27017 bitnami/mongodb:latest #关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld
- 操作mongodb
- >读txt文件获取userId的编号。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2019/1/30 19:35 # @Author : Aries # @Site : # @File : handle_mongo.py.py # @Software: PyCharm import pymongo from pymongo.collection import Collection client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='192.168.66.100',port=27017) db = client['douyin'] def handle_init_task(): task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id') with open('douyin_hot_id.txt','r') as f: f_read = f.readlines() for i in f_read: task_info = {} task_info['share_id'] = i.replace('\n','') task_id_collections.insert(task_info) def handle_get_task(): task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id') # return task_id_collections.find_one({}) return task_id_collections.find_one_and_delete({}) #handle_init_task()
- 修改python程序调用
import re import requests import time from lxml import etree from handle_mongo import handle_get_task from handle_mongo import handle_insert_douyin def handle_decode(input_data,share_web_url,task): search_douyin_str = re.compile(r'抖音ID:') regex_list = [ {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':0}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':1}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':2}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':3}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':4}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':5}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':6}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':7}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':8}, {'name':[' ',' ',' '],'value':9}, ] for i1 in regex_list: for i2 in i1['name']: input_data = re.sub(i2,str(i1['value']),input_data) share_web_html = etree.HTML(input_data) douyin_info = {} douyin_info['nick_name'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0] douyin_id = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']/p[@class='shortid']/i/text()")) douyin_info['douyin_id'] = re.sub(search_douyin_str,'',share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]).strip() + douyin_id try: douyin_info['job'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text()")[0].strip() except: pass douyin_info['describe'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text()")[0].replace('\n',',') douyin_info['location'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text()")[0] douyin_info['xingzuo'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text()")[0] douyin_info['follow_count'] = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")[0].strip() fans_value = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")) unit = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()") if unit[-1].strip() == 'w': douyin_info['fans'] = str((int(fans_value)/10))+'w' like = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")) unit = share_web_html.xpath("//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']/span[@class='num']/text()") if unit[-1].strip() == 'w': douyin_info['like'] = str(int(like)/10)+'w' douyin_info['from_url'] = share_web_url print(douyin_info) handle_insert_douyin(douyin_info) def handle_douyin_web_share(task): share_web_url = 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/'+task["share_id"] print(share_web_url) share_web_header = { 'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.75 Safari/537.36' } share_web_response = requests.get(url=share_web_url,headers=share_web_header) handle_decode(share_web_response.text,share_web_url,task["share_id"]) if __name__ == '__main__': while True: task=handle_get_task() handle_douyin_web_share(task) time.sleep(2)
- mongodb字段
- >handle_init_task 是将txt存入mongodb中
- >handle_get_task 查出来一条然后删除一条,因为txt是存在的,所以删除根本没有关系
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2019/1/30 19:35 # @Author : Aries # @Site : # @File : handle_mongo.py.py # @Software: PyCharm import pymongo from pymongo.collection import Collection client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='192.168.66.100',port=27017) db = client['douyin'] def handle_init_task(): task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id') with open('douyin_hot_id.txt','r') as f: f_read = f.readlines() for i in f_read: task_info = {} task_info['share_id'] = i.replace('\n','') task_id_collections.insert(task_info) def handle_insert_douyin(douyin_info): task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'douyin_info') task_id_collections.insert(douyin_info) def handle_get_task(): task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id') # return task_id_collections.find_one({}) return task_id_collections.find_one_and_delete({}) handle_init_task()
PS:text文本中的数据1000条根本不够爬太少了,实际上是app端和pc端配合来进行爬取的,pc端负责初始化的数据,通过userID获取到粉丝列表然后在不停的循环来进行爬取,这样是不是就可以获取到很大量的数据。