创建项目 并 配置Spring
创建Maven创建项目
添加目录
pom.xml中添加依赖和插件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.mkl</groupId> <artifactId>SSMIntegration</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>SSMIntegration Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <!--版本锁定--> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version> <!-- /. --> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <!--org.mybatis.generator--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <!-- /. --> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SSMIntegration</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <!--mybatis-generator-maven-plugin--> <plugin> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> <configuration> <verbose>true</verbose> <overwrite>true</overwrite> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- /. --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
(用到的配置文件generatorConfig.xml放在resources目录下)
包括DAO层接口,domain实体类, resources下DAO接口对应的SQL映射文件
(这些内容也可手写)
初步创建Controller
public class AccountController { }
初步编写service层接口
import cn.itcast.domain.Account; import java.util.List; public interface AccountService { /** * 获取所有账户信息 * @return */ public List<Account> findAll(); /** * 保存账户 */ public void saveAccount(); }
初步编写Service层接口实现类 (到这一步还没整合进Mybatis, 暂时不使用数据库)
package cn.itcast.service; import cn.itcast.domain.Account; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service("accountService") public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService{ @Override public List<Account> findAll () { System.out.println ("业务层 查询所有账户"); return null; } @Override public void saveAccount () { System.out.println ("保存用户"); } }
初步在resources下新建Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml 放在resources目录下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 开启注解扫描,要扫描的是service和dao层的注解, 要忽略web层(controller)注解 , 因为web层让SpringMVC框架 去管理 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"> <!-- 配置要忽略的注解 --> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> </beans>
初步测试一下
1. 在AccountServiceImpl上添加@Service注解
2. 创建测试类 使用Junit进行测试(Sping中使用Junit进行测试)
import cn.itcast.domain.Account; import cn.itcast.service.AccountService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import java.util.List; /** * 使用Junit单元测试:测试我们的配置 * Spring整合junit的配置 * 1、导入spring整合junit的jar(坐标) * 2、使用Junit提供的一个注解把原有的main方法替换了,替换成spring提供的 * @Runwith * 3、告知spring的运行器,spring和ioc创建是基于xml还是注解的,并且说明位置 * @ContextConfiguration * locations:指定xml文件的位置,加上classpath关键字,表示在类路径下 * classes:指定注解类所在地位置 * * 当我们使用 spring 5.x 版本的时候, 要求junit的jar必须是 4.12 及以上 */ //@RunWith就是一个运行器 //@RunWith(JUnit4.class)就是指用JUnit4来运行 //@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class),让测试运行于Spring测试环境 //@RunWith(Suite.class)的话就是一套测试集合 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})//加载配置文件 public class AccountServiceTest { @Autowired private AccountService as; @Test public void testFindAll() { //执行方法 List<Account> accounts = as.findAll (); System.out.println(accounts); } }
此时Spring已可用
接下来Spring整合SpringMVC框架
1. 搭建和测试SpringMVC的开发环境
<1. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet过滤器解决中文乱码
<!--配置解决中文乱码的过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
<2. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet前端控制器
<!--配置前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
<3. 创建springmvc.xml的配置文件,编写配置文件 ,放在resources目录下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 扫描controller的注解,别的不扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 视图解析器对象 --> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- JSP文件所在的目录 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <!-- 文件的后缀名 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 以下方式可二选一 --> <!-- 不处理静态内容 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!--前端控制器,哪些静态资源不拦截--> <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/> <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/> <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> <!-- 开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 若有使用拦截器, 则进行以下配置 --> <!--配置拦截器--> <!--<mvc:interceptors> --> <!--配置拦截器--> <!--<mvc:interceptor> --> <!--要拦截的具体的方法--> <!--<mvc:mapping path="/UserControl/GoLogin"/> --> <!--<mvc:mapping path="/UserControl/Login"/> --> <!--不要拦截的方法--> <!--<mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>--> <!--配置拦截器对象--> <!--<bean class="com.mkl.interceptor.MyInterceptor"/> --> <!--</mvc:interceptor> --> <!--</mvc:interceptors> --> </beans>
<4. 测试SpringMVC的框架搭建是否成功
1). 编写index.jsp和list.jsp编写,超链接
<a href="account/findAll">查询所有</a>
2). 在AccountController类,编写方法, 涉及的SpringMVC的注解 : @Controller @RequestMapping
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { /** * 查询所有的数据 * @return */ @RequestMapping("/findAll") public String findAll () { System.out.println ("表现层:查询所有账户..."); return "list"; } }
2. Spring整合SpringMVC的框架
1>. 目的:在controller中能成功的调用service对象中的方法。
2>. 在项目启动的时候,就去加载applicationContext.xml的配置文件,(之前是在Junit单元测试时加载的)
在web.xml中配置 ContextLoaderListener监听器
(该监听器只能加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml的配置文件)。
<!-- 配置Spring的监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置加载类路径的配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>
3>. 修改controller , 在controller中注入service对象,调用service对象的方法进行测试
import cn.itcast.service.AccountService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @Autowired private AccountService accoutService; /** * 查询所有的数据 * @return */ @RequestMapping("/findAll") public String findAll () { System.out.println ("View : findAllAccount..."); accoutService.findAll (); return "list"; } }
此时SpringMVC正常工作,
controller也已经可以使用Spring的IOC的方式调用service层对象的方法
Spring整合MyBatis框架
1. 搭建和测试MyBatis的环境
1>. 在web项目中编写SqlMapConfig.xml的配置文件,编写核心配置文件 , 放在resources目录下
(整合后将弃用该配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--配置properties 可以在标签内部配置连接数据库的信息, 也可以通过属性引用外部配置文件信息 resource属性: 用于指定配置文件的位置, 是按照类路径的写法来写, 并且必须存在于类路径下 url属性: URL: Uniform Resource Locator 统一资源定位符 http://localhost:8080/mystroe/CategoryServlet URL 协议 主机 端口 URI:Uniform Resource Identifier 统一资源标识符 /mystroe/CategoryServlet 它是可以在web应用中唯一定位一个资源的路径 --> <properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties> <!--配置环境--> <environments default="mysql"> <!-- 配置mysql的环境--> <environment id="mysql"> <!-- 配置事务 --> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!--配置连接池--> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!-- 以下配置mappers的方式二选一 --> <!-- 使用的是注解 --> <!-- <mappers>--> <!-- <mapper class="cn.itcast.dao.AccountDao"/> --> <!-- 该包下所有的dao接口都可以使用 --> <!-- <package name="cn.itcast.dao"/>--> <!-- </mappers>--> <!-- 配置映射文件的位置 --> <mappers> <mapper resource="cn/itcast/dao/AccountMapper.xml"> </mapper> </mappers> </configuration>
2>. 编写SqlMapConfig.xml用到的 jdbcConfig.properties 放在resources目录下
(整合后将暂时弃用该配置文件)
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
3>. 编写测试Myabtis的方法
1). 给Account实体类添加toString()方法
@Override public String toString () { return "Account{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; }
2). 添加测试方法
import cn.itcast.dao.AccountMapper; import cn.itcast.domain.Account; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; /** * Created by IDEA * User:MKL7 * Date:2019/5/10 * Time:15:47 */ public class MybatisTest { @Test public void run1 () throws Exception { // 加载配置文件 InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream ("SqlMapConfig.xml"); // 创建工厂 SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder ().build (inputStream); // 创建sqlSession对象 SqlSession session = factory.openSession (); // 获取代理对象 AccountMapper accountMapper = session.getMapper (AccountMapper.class); // 调用查询的方法 List<Account> list = accountMapper.selectByExample (null); for (Account account : list) { System.out.println (account); } // 释放资源 session.close (); inputStream.close (); } @Test public void run2() throws Exception { Account account = new Account(); account.setName("熊大"); account.setMoney(400d); // 加载配置文件 InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); // 创建工厂 SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); // 创建sqlSession对象 SqlSession session = factory.openSession(); // 获取代理对象 AccountMapper accountMapper = session.getMapper(AccountMapper.class); accountMapper.insert (account); // 提交事务 session.commit(); // 调用查询的方法 List<Account> list = accountMapper.selectByExample (null); for (Account acc : list) { System.out.println (acc); } // 释放资源 session.close(); inputStream.close(); } }
3). 运行结果
run1执行结果, 只是查询
run2执行结果, 先插入, 再查询
2. Spring整合MyBatis框架
1>. 目的:把SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件中的内容配置到applicationContext.xml配置文件中
在applicationContext.xml中添加以下内容
<!-- Mybatis 相应的配置 --> <!-- 配置C3P0的连接池对象 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssm"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <!-- 配置SqlSession的工厂 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- 配置扫描dao的包 --> <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="cn.itcast.dao"/> </bean> <!-- END Mybatis 相应的配置 -->
2>. 在AccountMapper接口上添加@Repository注解
3>.在service中注入dao层接口对象,进行测试
import cn.itcast.dao.AccountMapper; import cn.itcast.domain.Account; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service("accountService") public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService{ @Autowired private AccountMapper accountMapper; @Override public List<Account> findAll () { System.out.println ("业务层 查询所有账户"); System.out.println ("开始调用Dao层"); List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.selectByExample (null); for (Account acc:accounts){ System.out.println (acc); } return null; } @Override public void saveAccount () { System.out.println ("保存用户"); } }
4>. 运行结果
整合完毕
额外内容 List页面显示全体账户
1. 修改AccountService的实现类AccountServiceImpl中的 findAll()方法
使其返回一个List
@Override public List<Account> findAll () { System.out.println ("业务层 查询所有账户"); System.out.println ("开始调用Dao层"); List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.selectByExample (null); for (Account acc:accounts){ System.out.println (acc); } return accounts; }
2. 修改controller中的action
@RequestMapping("/findAll") public String findAll (Model model) { System.out.println ("View : findAllAccount..."); List<Account> accounts = accoutService.findAll (); model.addAttribute ("accounts", accounts); return "list"; }
3. 修改List.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <html> <head> <title>AccountList</title> </head> <body> AccountList:<br> <c:forEach var="account" items="${accounts}" > <tr> <td> <c:out value="${account.name}" /> </td> <td> <c:out value="${account.money}" /> </td> </tr><br> </c:forEach> </body> </html>
运行结果: