场景:
高并发情况下,为了提高http请求效率,加入http 连接池,减少3次握手次数,提高请求效率
import org.apache.http.*;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class HttpClientsUtil {
static final int timeOut = 10 * 1000;
private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
private final static Object syncLock = new Object();
private static void config(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase) {
// 设置Header等
// httpRequestBase.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0");
// httpRequestBase
// .setHeader("Accept",
// "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");
// httpRequestBase.setHeader("Accept-Language",
// "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3");// "en-US,en;q=0.5");
// httpRequestBase.setHeader("Accept-Charset",
// "ISO-8859-1,utf-8,gbk,gb2312;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");
// 配置请求的超时设置
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeOut)
.setConnectTimeout(timeOut).setSocketTimeout(timeOut).build();
httpRequestBase.setConfig(requestConfig);
}
/**
* 获取HttpClient对象
* @param url
* @return
*/
public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient(String url) {
String hostname = url.split("/")[2];
int port = 80;
if (hostname.contains(":")) {
String[] arr = hostname.split(":");
hostname = arr[0];
port = Integer.parseInt(arr[1]);
}
if (httpClient == null) {
synchronized (syncLock) {
if (httpClient == null) {
httpClient = createHttpClient(200, 40, 100, hostname, port);
}
}
}
return httpClient;
}
/**
* 创建HttpClient对象
* @param maxTotal
* @param maxPerRoute
* @param maxRoute
* @param hostname
* @param port
* @return
*/
public static CloseableHttpClient createHttpClient(int maxTotal,
int maxPerRoute, int maxRoute, String hostname, int port) {
ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory
.getSocketFactory();
LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory
.getSocketFactory();
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder
.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("http", plainsf)
.register("https", sslsf).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
registry);
// 将最大连接数增加
cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
// 将每个路由基础的连接增加
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute);
HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(hostname, port);
// 将目标主机的最大连接数增加
cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost), maxRoute);
// 请求重试处理
HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception,
int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
if (executionCount >= 5) {// 如果已经重试了5次,就放弃
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 如果服务器丢掉了连接,那么就重试
return true;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重试SSL握手异常
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超时
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目标服务器不可达
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 连接被拒绝
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手异常
return false;
}
HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext
.adapt(context);
HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
// 如果请求是幂等的,就再次尝试
if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
};
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setConnectionManager(cm)
.setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler).build();
return httpClient;
}
private static void setPostParams(HttpPost httpost,
Map<String, Object> params) {
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
}
try {
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* GET请求URL获取内容
* @param url
* @param params
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String post(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws IOException {
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
config(httppost);
setPostParams(httppost, params);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = getHttpClient(url).execute(httppost,
HttpClientContext.create());
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
try {
if (response != null)
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* GET请求URL获取内容
* @param url
* @return
*/
public static String get(String url) {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
config(httpget);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = getHttpClient(url).execute(httpget,
HttpClientContext.create());
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
return result;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null)
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// URL列表数组
String[] urisToGet = { "http://api.t.sina.com.cn/short_url/shorten.json?source=1146431898&url_long=https://xl.sinaif.com/smsType=1%26schemes=100000000000%26eventcode=X001%26eventday=100000000000%26eventcreatetime=150000000000000%26accountid=10000000000000000002%26expecttime=150000000000000%26codeType=1"
};
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
int pagecount = urisToGet.length;
ExecutorService executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(pagecount);
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(pagecount);
for (int i = 0; i < pagecount; i++) {
// HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(urisToGet[i]);
// config(httpget);
// 启动线程抓取
executors
.execute(new GetRunnable(urisToGet[i], countDownLatch));
}
countDownLatch.await();
executors.shutdown();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + ","
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + ", 所有线程已完成,开始进入下一步!");
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("consume -> " + (end - start)+" ms");
// 不用http 连接池 需要花费时间
Long stime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < urisToGet.length; i++) {
String url = urisToGet[i];
HttpClientUtil.doGet(url,null);
}
System.out.println("consume -> " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - stime)+" ms");
}
static class GetRunnable implements Runnable {
private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
private String url;
public GetRunnable(String url, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
this.url = url;
this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println(HttpClientsUtil.get(url));
} finally {
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}
}
}
常规httpclientUtil
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/**
* 基于 httpclient 4.3.1版本的 http工具类
*/
public class HttpClientUtil {
private static final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
static {
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(60000).setSocketTimeout(15000).build();
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
}
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params){
return doGet(url, params,CHARSET);
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params){
return doPost(url, params,CHARSET);
}
/**
* HTTP Get 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doGet(String url,Map<String,String> params,String charset){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(url)){
return null;
}
try {
if(params != null && !params.isEmpty()){
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : params.entrySet()){
String value = entry.getValue();
if(value != null){
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(),value));
}
}
url += "?" + EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset));
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null){
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* HTTP Post 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doPost(String url,Map<String,String> params,String charset){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(url)){
return null;
}
try {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
if(params != null && !params.isEmpty()){
pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : params.entrySet()){
String value = entry.getValue();
if(value != null){
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(),value));
}
}
}
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if(pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0){
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs,CHARSET));
}
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpPost.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null){
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static byte[] doGetAndReturnByteArray(String url){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(url)){
return null;
}
try {
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
return inputStream2ByteArray(entity.getContent());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
private static byte[] inputStream2ByteArray(InputStream in) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(262144);
byte[] temp = new byte[262144];
int i = -1;
while ((i = in.read(temp)) != -1) {
baos.write(temp, 0, i);
}
return baos.toByteArray();
}
public static String inputStream2String(InputStream in) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(262144);
byte[] temp = new byte[262144];
int i = -1;
while ((i = in.read(temp)) != -1) {
baos.write(temp, 0, i);
}
return baos.toString();
}
public static void main(String []args){
String getData = doGet("http://www.oschina.net/",null);
System.out.println(getData);
System.out.println("----------------------分割线-----------------------");
String postData = doPost("http://www.oschina.net/",null);
System.out.println(postData);
}
}