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from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont,ImageFilter
import string
import random
class Captcha():
'''
captcha_size: 验证码图片尺寸
font_size: 字体大小
text_number: 验证码中字符个数
line_number: 线条个数
background_color: 验证码的背景颜色
sources: 取样字符集。验证码中的字符就是随机从这个里面选取的
save_format: 验证码保存格式
'''
def __init__(self, captcha_size=(150,100), font_size=30,text_number=4, line_number=4, background_color=(255, 255, 255), sources=None, save_format='png'):
self.text_number = text_number
self.line_number = line_number
self.captcha_size = captcha_size
self.background_color = background_color
self.font_size = font_size
self.format = save_format
if sources:
self.sources = sources
else:
self.sources = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
def get_text(self):
text = random.sample(self.sources,k=self.text_number)
return ''.join(text)
def get_font_color(self):
font_color = (random.randint(0, 150), random.randint(0, 150), random.randint(0, 150))
return font_color
def get_line_color(self):
line_color = (random.randint(0, 250), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 250))
return line_color
def draw_text(self,draw, text, font, captcha_width, captcha_height, spacing=20):
'''
在图片上绘制传入的字符
:param draw: 画笔对象
:param text: 绘制的所有字符
:param font: 字体对象
:param captcha_width: 验证码的宽度
:param captcha_height: 验证码的高度
:param spacing: 每个字符的间隙
:return:
'''
# 得到这一窜字符的高度和宽度
text_width, text_height = font.getsize(text)
# 得到每个字体的大概宽度
every_value_width = int(text_width / 4)
# 这一窜字符的总长度
text_length = len(text)
# 每两个字符之间拥有间隙,获取总的间隙
total_spacing = (text_length-1) * spacing
if total_spacing + text_width >= captcha_width:
raise ValueError("字体加中间空隙超过图片宽度!")
# 获取第一个字符绘制位置
start_width = int( (captcha_width - text_width - total_spacing) / 2 )
start_height = int( (captcha_height - text_height) / 2 )
# 依次绘制每个字符
for value in text:
position = start_width, start_height
print(position)
# 绘制text
draw.text(position, value, font=font, fill=self.get_font_color())
# 改变下一个字符的开始绘制位置
start_width = start_width + every_value_width + spacing
def draw_line(self, draw, captcha_width, captcha_height):
'''
绘制线条
:param draw: 画笔对象
:param captcha_width: 验证码的宽度
:param captcha_height: 验证码的高度
:return:
'''
# 随机获取开始位置的坐标
begin = (random.randint(0,captcha_width/2), random.randint(0, captcha_height))
# 随机获取结束位置的坐标
end = (random.randint(captcha_width/2,captcha_width), random.randint(0, captcha_height))
draw.line([begin, end], fill=self.get_line_color())
def draw_point(self, draw, point_chance, width, height):
'''
绘制小圆点
:param draw: 画笔对象
:param point_chance: 绘制小圆点的几率 概率为 point_chance/100
:param width: 验证码宽度
:param height: 验证码高度
:return:
'''
# 按照概率随机绘制小圆点
for w in range(width):
for h in range(height):
tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
if tmp < point_chance:
draw.point((w, h), fill=self.get_line_color())
def make_captcha(self):
# 获取验证码的宽度, 高度
width, height = self.captcha_size
# 生成一张图片
captcha = Image.new('RGB',self.captcha_size,self.background_color)
# 获取字体对象
font = ImageFont.truetype('simkai.ttf',self.font_size)
# 获取画笔对象
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(captcha)
# 得到绘制的字符
text = self.get_text()
# 绘制字符
self.draw_text(draw, text, font, width, height)
# 绘制线条
for i in range(self.line_number):
self.draw_line(draw, width, height)
# 绘制小圆点 10是概率 10/100, 10%的概率
self.draw_point(draw,10,width,height)
# 保存图片
captcha.save('captcha.png',format=self.format)
# 显示图片
captcha.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
Captcha().make_captcha()