分别使用了两种方法:单例模式和属性全注入的方法。
发送模式又分为:单发,群发。
可发送:text,html模板,附件等。
1、单例模式(单发,群发text)
在classpath底下新建application-mail.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <!-- 注意:这里的参数(如用户名、密码)都是针对邮件发送者的 --> <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl"> <property name="host"> <value>smtp.163.com</value> </property> <property name="javaMailProperties"> <props> <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop> <prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">25000</prop> </props> </property> <property name="username"> <value>[email protected]</value> </property> <property name="password"> <value>password</value> </property> </bean> </beans>
或者把以上的Beans配置到applicaiont.xml里面也可以。
发送text格式的Email类:
/ import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; public class EmailUtil { private static EmailUtil emailUtil = null; public ApplicationContext ctx = null; private EmailUtil() { //获取上下文 ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-mail.xml"); } /** * * @function:获得单例 */ public static EmailUtil getInstance() { if(emailUtil==null) { synchronized (EmailUtil.class) { if(emailUtil==null) { emailUtil = new EmailUtil(); } } } return emailUtil; } public void sentEmails(String emails,String subject,String text) { //获取JavaMailSender bean JavaMailSender sender = (JavaMailSender) ctx.getBean("mailSender"); //SimpleMailMessage只能用来发送text格式的邮件 SimpleMailMessage mail = new SimpleMailMessage(); String email[] = emails.split(";"); for(int i=0;i<email.length;i++) { try { mail.setTo(email[i]);//接受者 mail.setFrom("[email protected]"); mail.setSubject(subject);//主题 mail.setText(text);//邮件内容 sender.send(mail); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * @function:测试邮件发送 */ public static void main(String[] args) { String mail_title = "注册成功"; String mail_content = "恭喜!您已经注册成功.<BR>欢迎使用本网站,主页地址:<a href='http://www.baidu.com'/>"; EmailUtil email = EmailUtil.getInstance(); email.sentEmails("[email protected]",mail_title,mail_content); } }
2.属性全注入的方法(单发,群发html模板)
FreeMarker是一个被广泛使用的模板框架,Spring可以很好的支持该框架。Spring为FreeMarker提供了一个FreeMarkerConfigurer类,通过此类可方便地创建FreeMarker的基础环境,Spring提供FreeMarkerTemplateUtils工具类来完成解析模板的任务。下面以用户注册成功后发送的模板文件registerUser.ftl,${content}标签代表一个可被替换的动态属性。FreeMarker模板的标签支持级联属性,如${user.id}则表示user对象的id属性。在配置文件中已设置好模板目录,所以可在类中直接用模板文件名来定位模板文件。模板文件用UTF-8编码格式,避免中文乱码。通过设置template_update_delay属性,可让FreeMarker定期刷新模板,从而使应用程序在不重启下更新模板。
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf8"> </head> <body> 恭喜您成功注册!您的用户名为:<font color='red' size='30'>${content}</font> </body> </html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <!-- 注意:这里的参数(如用户名、密码)都是针对邮件发送者的 --> <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl"> <property name="host"> <value>smtp.163.com</value> </property> <property name="javaMailProperties"> <props> <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop> <prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">25000</prop> </props> </property> <property name="username"> <value>[email protected]</value> </property> <property name="password"> <value>password</value> </property> </bean> </beans> <bean id="freeMarker" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer"> <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="classpath:mailTemplate"/><!--指定模板文件目录--> <property name="freemarkerSettings"><!-- 设置FreeMarker环境属性--> <props> <prop key="template_update_delay">1800</prop><!--刷新模板的周期,单位为秒--> <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop><!--模板的编码格式 --> <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop><!-- 本地化设置--> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- ************************ Email Service配置 ********************************* --> <bean id="emailService" class="EmailService"> <property name="sender" ref="mailSender"></property> <property name="freeMarkerConfigurer" ref="freeMarker"></property> </bean> </beans>
import javax.mail.MessagingException; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.*; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.*; import freemarker.template.*; public abstract class EmailAbstract { protected String from; protected String subject; protected JavaMailSender sender; protected FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer=null; //FreeMarker的技术类 public String getFrom() { return from; } public void setFrom(String from) { this.from = from; } public String getSubject() { return subject; } public void setSubject(String subject) { this.subject = subject; } public JavaMailSender getSender() { return sender; } public void setSender(JavaMailSender sender) { this.sender = sender; } public void setFreeMarkerConfigurer(FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer) { this.freeMarkerConfigurer = freeMarkerConfigurer; } /** * 发送单个html格式邮件 */ public abstract void sendEmail(String content,String address); /** * 批量发送html格式邮件 */ public abstract void sendBatchEmail(String content,List<String> address); }
import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.*; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.*; import freemarker.template.*; public class EmailService extends EmailAbstract { /** * 发送带模板的单个html格式邮件 */ public void sendMessage(String content,String address) throws MessagingException { MimeMessage msg = sender.createMimeMessage(); //设置utf-8或GBK编码,否则邮件会有乱码,true表示为multipart邮件 MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8"); helper.setTo(address); //邮件接收地址 helper.setFrom(from); //邮件发送地址,这里必须和xml里的邮件地址相同一致 helper.setSubject(subject); //主题 String htmlText = getMailText(content); //使用模板生成html邮件内容 helper.setText(htmlText, true); //邮件内容,注意加参数true,表示启用html格式 sender.send(msg); //发送邮件 } /** * 批量发送带附件的html格式邮件 */ public void sendBatchEmail(String content,List<String> address) throws MessagingException { MimeMessage msg = sender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8"); String toList = getMailList(address); InternetAddress[] iaToList = new InternetAddress().parse(toList); msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,iaToList); helper.setFrom(from); helper.setSubject(subject); helper.setText(content, true); //添加内嵌文件,第1个参数为cid标识这个文件,第2个参数为资源 helper.addInline("a", new File("E:/logo_a.jpg")); //附件内容 helper.addInline("b", new File("E:/logo_b.png")); File file=new File("E:/测试中文文件.rar"); // 这里的方法调用和插入图片是不同的,使用MimeUtility.encodeWord()来解决附件名称的中文问题 helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file.getName()), file); //如果主题出现乱码,可以使用该函数,也可以使用下面的函数 //helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(String text,String charset,String encoding)) //第2个参数表示字符集,第三个为目标编码格式。 //MimeUtility.encodeWord(String word,String charset,String encoding) sender.send(msg); } /** * 集合转换字符串 */ public String getMailList(List<String> to){ StringBuffer toList = new StringBuffer(); int length = to.size(); if(to!=null && length <2){ toList.append(to.get(0)); }else{ for(int i=0;i<length;i++){ toList.append(to.get(i)); if(i!=(length-1)){ toList.append(","); } } } return toList.toString(); } //通过模板构造邮件内容,参数content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。 private String getMailText(String content) throws Exception { String htmlText = ""; //通过指定模板名获取FreeMarker模板实例 Template tpl = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("registerUser.ftl"); Map map = new HashMap(); //FreeMarker通过Map传递动态数据 map.put("content",content); //注意动态数据的key和模板标签中指定的属性相匹配 //解析模板并替换动态数据,最终content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。 htmlText = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(tpl,map); return htmlText; } }