Linux 搭建Mysql主从节点复制

Linux环境 Centos 6.6 64位

准备两台服务器，搭建一主一从，实现Mysql的读写分离和数据备份

主节点 192.168.43.10 leader

从节点 192.168.43.20 db

安装包 mysql-cluster-gpl-7.6.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz（该包含有NDB和Mysql软件）

MySQL主从复制的优点:
1、如果主服务器出现问题，可以快速切换到从服务器提供的服务，保证高可用性
2、可以在从服务器上执行查询操作，降低主服务器的访问压力
3、可以在从服务器上执行备份，以避免备份期间影响主服务器的服务

1.现在两台服务器上安装好版本一样的Mysql，这里演示Leader端的安装，db跳过

1.1解压安装包到路径/usr/local/mysql

[root@leader vm]# tar -zvxf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.6.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@leader vm]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.6.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

1.2创建mysql用户和组以及存放数据的路径

[root@leader mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root@leader mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

1.3进入到mysql目录，执行添加MySQL配置的操作

创建my.cnf文件，加入如下内容

[root@leader ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
skip-grant-tables
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
skip-name-resolve

1.4授权相关路径给用户Mysql

[root@leader mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@leader mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@leader mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@leader mysql]# mkdir data
[root@leader mysql]# chown -R mysql data

1.5初始化数据（在mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts下有个 mysql_install_db 可执行文件初始化数据库），进入mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts目录下，执行下面命令

[root@leader bin]# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
2019-11-23T12:10:15.096248Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-11-23T12:10:15.096315Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2019-11-23T12:10:15.096320Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2019-11-23T12:10:16.643511Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-11-23T12:10:16.904240Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-11-23T12:10:17.034430Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 36285a17-0dea-11ea-908d-000c298eae92.
2019-11-23T12:10:17.039576Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-11-23T12:10:17.042792Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 8Ns2os:NFde-

1.6添加mysqld服务

[root@leader bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@leader bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
[root@leader bin]# chmod 775 /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@leader bin]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@leader bin]# chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
[root@leader bin]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql

[root@leader ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin--添加mysql命令

1.7 启动mysqld服务，并登陆mysql

[root@leader ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/leader.err'.
. SUCCESS!
[root@leader ~]# clear
[root@leader ~]# service mysqld status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (22899)

[root@leader ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.27-ndb-7.6.11-cluster-gpl

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password=password('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'duan' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> Flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

2.打开主机leader的my.cnf，输入如下：（修改主数据库的配置文件my.cnf，开启BINLOG，并设置server-id的值，修改之后必须重启mysql服务）

server-id =1 #主机标示，整数
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log #确保此文件可写，开启bin-log
read-only =0 #主机，读写都可以
binlog-do-db =test #需要备份数据，多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db =mysql #不需要备份的数据库，多个写多行

Linux 搭建Mysql主从节点复制

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