更新Python

系统Debian 9 (stretch)中自带了Python 2.7.13,先更新一下到最新的3.7.4

# 更新系统 & 安装基础环境需要的包
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# apt update
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget
# 下载 & 解压 & 编译
root@wow:~# cd ~/Downloads
root@wow:~/Downloads# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tgz
root@wow:~/Downloads# tar -zxvf Python-3.7.4.tgz
root@wow:~/Downloads# cd Python-3.7.4/
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# ./configure
# 查看CPU内核数量
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# nproc
4
# 使用-j参数设置使用的CPU内核数量,提高编译速度
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# make -j 4
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# make install
# 添加Python 2.7与3.7版本切换配置
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/local/bin/python3.7 100
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 50
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --config python
# 添加pip 3 与2版本切换配置
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# rm /usr/bin/pip -f
# 系统原来这里有个pip的可执行文件,不删掉无法创建后面的软连接
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/local/bin/pip3.7 100
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/bin/pip2 50
root@wow:~/Downloads/Python-3.7.4# update-alternatives --config pip

安装Chromium和Selenium

root@wow:~# apt install -y chromium chromium-driver
root@wow:~# pip install selenium

编写测试代码

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

opts = Options()
opts.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=opts)
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')