springmvc工作流程
- 客户端发送请求到DispatcherServlet前端控制器
- DispatcherServlet前端控制器收到请求调用处理器映射器HandlerMapping
- 处理器映射器HandlerMapping找到具体的Handler返回给DispatcherServlet前端控制器
- DispatcherServlet前端控制器调用处理器适配器HandlerAdapter
- 处理器适配器HandlerAdapter执行具体的Handler
- Handler执行完后返回ModelAndView
- 处理器适配器HandlerAdapter将ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet前端控制器
- DispatcherServlet前端控制器调用视图解析器ViewResolver进行视图解析
- 视图解析器ViewResolver返回view
- DispatcherServlet前端控制器渲染视图
- DispatcherServlet前端控制器响应客户端
搭建springmvc环境
通过maven导入所需要的jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-webmvc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet-api-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--jsp-api-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--jackson-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
编写web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!--让DispatcherServlet加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--服务器一启动就创建DispatcherServlet对象-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--解决中文乱码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
编写springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lb"/>
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--前端控制器,那些静态资源不拦截
location:表示webapp目录下的包下的所有文件
mapping:表示以静态资源开头的所有请求路径,如:/css/**,/js/**
-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/"/>
<!--开启springmvc框架注解的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>