Spring MVC 简单的hello world

一、项目搭建

1、可以在新建项目的使用Spring MVC框架。或者创建一个简单的项目之后再用Add Framework Support来添加Spring MVC框架。

2、删除自动生成的lib的jar包，使用pom文件来进行管理包。目录结构如下图。

3、pom文件。加载完成之后才能进行下一步。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zxj</groupId>
    <artifactId>zxj-spring-mvc</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>zxj-spring-mvc</name>
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring.version>4.3.18.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring mvc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4、Project Structure的编辑，创建一下包名。

二、webapp的编辑

1、目录结构。

2、web.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--welcome pages-->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、applicationContent.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaojie.spring.mvc"/>
</beans>

4、dispatcher-servlet.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaojie.spring.mvc"/>
    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 可以将request参数与绑定到controller参数上 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--这句要加上，要不然可能会访问不到静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--静态资源映射如下-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/statics/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/statics/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/statics/images/"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

5、index.jsp默认页面。

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>hello world</title>
</head>
<body>
welcome zhuoxiaojie spring mvc
</body>
</html>

6、hello.jsp。

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>test</title>
</head>
<body>
hello world
</body>
</html>

7、test2.jsp。

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>test</title>
</head>
<body>
key1: ${key1} , key2: ${key2}
</body>
</html>

三、Controller层

package com.xiaojie.spring.mvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public ModelAndView test1(Model model) {
        return new ModelAndView("hello");
    }

    @GetMapping("/test2")
    public ModelAndView test2(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("key1", "卓小杰");
        model.addAttribute("key2", "你真帅");
        return new ModelAndView("test2");
    }
}