JavaWeb世界(七):EL与JSTL

一、表达式语言(EL)

EL(Expressing Language)

目的:从作用域中获取指定属性名的共享数据

语法:${属性名} 属性名没有引号

EL从作用域中查询指定属性名的共享数据,是有查找顺序的,按照 page,request,session,application 顺序查找

EL中的内置对象(隐式对象):

(来源:zdwzzu2006 的 CSDN博客)

四大作用域的内置对象:

浏览器显示为:

示例:在 JSP 中显示 Person 类中的属性

public class Person {

	private String username = "Lucy";
	private int age = 20;
	private String[] hobby = { "Java", "Basketball", "Game" };
	private List<String> list = Arrays.asList("list1", "list2", "list3");
	private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>() {
		{
			this.put("school", "NEUQ");
			this.put("English Name", "Cherry");
			this.put("year", "2019");
		}
	};

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [username=" + username + ", age=" + age + ", hobby="
				+ Arrays.toString(hobby) + ", list=" + list + ", map=" + map
				+ "]";
	}

}
@WebServlet("/el")
public class ELServlet extends HttpServlet{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1849588764052384563L;

	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		Person p = new Person();
		System.out.println(p);
		//把person对象存放在request作用域中,共享给JSP
		req.setAttribute("person", p);
		req.getRequestDispatcher("/el/el.jsp").forward(req, resp);
		
	}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>EL页面</h3>
	${person}
	<br/>username:${person.username}
</body>
</html>

此时会报错:

意思是找不到属性名为 username 的属性,因为此时在Servlet中,username是字段而不是属性,我们加上 @Setter 构建出setter方法,又继续报错:

因为要在JSP中获取值,应该在 Person 类中暴露 getter 方法

<body>
	<h3>EL页面</h3>
	<br/>username:${person.username}-->${person["username"]}-->${person.getUsername()}
	<br/>age:${person.age}
	<br/>hobbys:${person.hobby[0]}
	<br/>list:${person.list[2]}
	<br/>map:${person.map}
	<br/>map:${person.map.school}
	<br/>map:${person.map["English Name"]}
</body>

结果为:

总结:

其他


二、JSTL

JSTL(Java Standard Tag Library):Java标准标签库

使用:

  1. 加入 jar 包:jstl.jar (下载)和 standard.jar (下载
  2. 通过JSP的 taglib 指令,引入标签库: <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

常用的 JSTL 标签

  1.  条件判断语句
    1. <c:if/> 标签 (单条件判断)
    2. 单标签和双标签的区别:

               3.<c:choose/>  标签 (多条件判断)

2.循环迭代标签 <c:foreach/> 

3.时间

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_42650988/article/details/96468861