1，下载镜像
//下载镜像
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# docker pull mysql
//查看已下载镜像
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/redis latest 857c4ab5f029 2 days ago 98.2 MB
docker.io/nginx latest e445ab08b2be 12 days ago 126 MB
docker.io/mysql latest 2151acc12881 13 days ago 445 MB
docker.io/tomcat latest 238e6d7313e3 2 weeks ago 506 MB
docker.io/frolvlad/alpine-oraclejdk8 latest 7f2049911fa1 6 months ago 169 MB
2，创建mysql容器并进行持久化配置
首先在物理机上创建文件夹用来存放mysql容器中的数据。
我的是放在/home/docker/mysql/data
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# cd home
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz home]# mkdir docker
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz home]# ls
admin developer docker
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz home]# cd docker
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# ls
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# mkdir mysql
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# cd mysql
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz mysql]# mkdir data
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz mysql]# ls
data
下来创建mysql容器并挂载本地文件夹
- - -name 给容器起别名
- -d 后台启动
- --restart 设置容器启动状态
- -p 设置物理机端口与容器端口映射
- -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root 设置root 账户密码
- -v /home/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql : 前为我们物理机设置文件夹的绝对路径 后为容器中我们要持久化的文件夹
- mysql 为自己下载mysql镜像
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# docker run --name mysql01 -d --restart always -p3307:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -v /home/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql mysql
5282b96fd1156c2d1399ab1a07369254e61aa6a2c1b8e54c78ae16497938f97d
//查看已启动容器
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# docker ps -s
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES SIZE
5282b96fd115 mysql "docker-entrypoint..." 19 seconds ago Up 18 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp mysql01 7 B (virtual 445 MB)
568d1f7734d1 2bbd10d5ff05 "java -jar /app.jar" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8090->8080/tcp miaoshaserver01 0 B (virtual 197 MB)
使用以下命令登陆并进入数据库：
//进入容器
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz docker]# docker exec -it mysql01 bash
root@5282b96fd115:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
退出
3，如何在物理机连接容器内的mysql数据库(远程连接docker容器中数据库)
若直接连接会报错，因此我们需要进入容器内的mysql数据库进行设置’
//先查看登陆权限
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host | user | plugin | authentication_string |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
SDiN | root | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$s61M.%mjF--.v
oLQkNpYjomzTmRKsXwr0slIrEFayZRvsz8Lhs681Sb9 |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$ Xmx`"W[B+zyDo=+qb9DAzxt5lsZlLd2EfwMyiHalzVIb.WzPspmivjGf53 |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
设置远程用户访问权限：
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
flush privileges;
可以看到物理机连接数据库成功
mysql
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# mysql -u root -p -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| miaosha |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如何将物理机sql文件传入容器中的mysql数据库
首先将文件从物理机copy到容器中，
- /tmp/miaosha.sql 为物理机中sql文件存放的绝对路径
- mysql01: 容器别名
- /tmp/ 容器中的绝对路径
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# docker cp /tmp/miaosha.sql mysql01:/tmp/
[root@iz2zei9wv79ob7vwy7y1jcz /]# docker exec -it mysql01 bash
root@5282b96fd115:/# cd tmp
root@5282b96fd115:/tmp# ls
miaosha.sql
将sql文件加载进数据库：
- source /tmp/miaosha.sql;
mysql> source /tmp/miaosha.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
.......................
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| miaosha |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
