一、项目搭建
maven分布式项目的基本架构
----microservice(父工程)
--------microservice_api
--------microservice_product_provider8001
--------microservice_product_provider80
其中microservice
为父工程,用来管理整个项目的依赖。microservice_api
这个是各种模块公用的部分,其中可以放置如:工具类,实体类。microservice_product_provider8001
为服务的提供者。microservice_product_provider80
这个模块为服务的消费者。他们的父子关系通过父工程microservice
的pom.xml
文件来体现。
二、创建microservice(父工程)
打开IDEA File >new>project>
不用选择模板,点击next。
输入GroupId和ArtifactId 。输入完成之后点击next. 再点击finish,他会让你选择是否在当前窗口创建。
选择This Window。这样等待一下,工程就创建出来了
因为这个是父工程,不用存储任何代码,只用于管理依赖,所以这个工程的src
文件夹可以直接删除。另外需要注意的是。创建出来的工程默认打包方式是jar
我们需手动添加<packaging>pom</packaging>
。如下:
接下里要做的就是管理相关依赖,定义版本。当父工程规定了相关依赖的版本之后,它的子工程引入相同的依赖的好后,就无序定义版本了,因为父工程已经定义好了
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.kuke</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.31</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
三、创建子工程microservice_api
点击我们刚刚创建好的父工程microservice 右键>new>Model
同样选择next,输入版本号
因为是子模块,所以GroupId已经确定了。点击netxt后,再点击finsh。
我们发现在父工程下面就多了一个子模块,microservice_api
,并且在父工程的pom文件当中,该模块已经被父工程管理了。(见上图)
现在开始添加与microservice_api
相关的依赖,(该模块是提供,所有公共模块的所需要的:如实体类,工具类)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<groupId>com.kuke</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>microservice_api</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
在该模块下创建实体类Product
@NoArgsConstructor//无参构造
@Data//get set方法
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Product {
private long pid;//商品的id
private String pName;//商品的名称
private String dbSource;//商品所在的数据库
public Product(String pName) {
this.pName = pName;
}
}
创建完成之后,将其打成jar
放在本地仓库中,供其他模块引用。
执行install命令。当控制台输出下面的信息,也就算是构建成功了
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 11.907 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-07-27T19:33:45+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 21M/251M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
四、创建工程microservice_product_provider8001
这个工程是服务的提供者,也是创建一个子模块如同创建microservice_api
模块一样,这里步骤就省略…创建完成之后如下图:
同样导入microservice_product_provider8001
相关依赖所需要的依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.kuake</groupId>
<artifactId>microcloudservice-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
该工程的目录结构如下:
添加该服务提供者的配置文件application.yml
spring:
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #使用druid数据源
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: root
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud001
# 数据源其他配置
initialSize: 5
minIdle: 5
maxActive: 20
maxWait: 60000
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
application:
name: microservice-product-provider8001
server:
port: 8001
mybatis: #mybatis基本的配置
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
mapper-locations:
- classpath:mybatis/mapper/ProductMapper.xml
添加配置文件mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<!--开启驼峰命名-->
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
添加配置文件ProductMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuake.dao.ProductMapper">
<select id="findById" resultType="com.kuake.entity.Product" parameterType="long">
select * from tb_product where pid = #{id}
</select>
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.kuake.entity.Product">
SELECT * FROM tb_product
</select>
<insert id="add" parameterType="com.kuake.entity.Product">
INSERT INTO tb_product(p_name, db_source) VALUES (#{pName},DATABASE())
</insert>
</mapper>
Controller
如下:
@RestController
public class ProductController {
@Autowired
private ProductService productService;
@GetMapping("/product/list")
public List<Product> list(){
return productService.list();
}
@GetMapping("/product/{id}")
public Product get(@PathVariable Long id){
return productService.get(id);
}
@PostMapping("/product")
public boolean add(@RequestBody Product product){
return productService.add(product);
}
}
编写主启动类Provider8001Application
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.kuake.dao"}) //扫描mapper接口
@SpringBootApplication
public class Provider8001Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Provider8001Application.class,args);
}
}
浏览器输入http://localhost:8001/product/list
返回结果
[{"pid":1,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"舒肤佳"},{"pid":2,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"可口可乐"},{"pid":3,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"百事可乐"},{"pid":4,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"冰箱"},{"pid":5,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"电视"},{"pid":6,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"苹果"}]
说明服务的提供者,提供服务,现在编写服务的消费者,来消费这个服务。
五、创建工程创建工程microservice_product_consumer80
这是服务的消费者,创建过程省略…
添加pom.xml
依赖。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<groupId>com.kuke</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>microservice_product_consumer80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.kuke</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice_api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--ribbon相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
配置application.yml
server:
port: 80
创建消费者的Controller
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001/";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/consumer/product/list")
public List<Product> list(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"product/list",List.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/product/{id}")
public Product get(@PathVariable Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"product/"+id,Product.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/product")
public boolean add(Product Product){
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/product",Product,Boolean.class);
}
}
我们通过RestTemplate
来进行服务调用,这是spring
提供给我们,基于Rest服务调用的一个模板方法,内部封装了大量方法。在使用之前我们先得创建一个,并注入到容器当中,代码如下:
@Configuration//标注这是一个配置类
public class MyConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
创建消费者的启动类Consumer80Application
@SpringBootApplication
public class Consumer80Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Consumer80Application.class,args);
}
}
保持服务提供者microservice_product_consumer80
开启状态,启动服务的消费者microservice_product_consumer80
模块。模块启动成功之后
浏览器输入请求http://localhost/consumer/product/list
(默认就是80端口)
[{"pid":1,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"舒肤佳"},{"pid":2,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"可口可乐"},{"pid":3,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"百事可乐"},{"pid":4,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"冰箱"},{"pid":5,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"电视"},{"pid":6,"dbSource":"springcloud001","pname":"苹果"}]
数据正常返回了。这样我们分布式的初步框架就搭建好啦。我们就创建了两个服务,一个服务的提供者,一个服务的消费者。消费者通过RestTemplate调用服务提供者的服务。关系图如下:
虽然这样实现基于rest的远程调用,但是这里有一个弊端,就是微服务都是游离状态并没有人能管理。现在就需要一个服务的管家,当我需要服务的时候只需要问这个管家“有我需要的服务嘛”?,这样就简化了服务的发现过程。
那么这个管家springcloud有没有向我们提供呢?下一篇连载,将会揭晓答案。