前言
服务器的主机名可以包含字母(a-z,A-Z),数字(0-9),连字符(-),点(.),但必须以字母或数字结尾,建议在分配主机名时使用描述性名称,以便于识别服务器/服务。
在设置主机名之前,请先检查现有主机名:
hostname -s
cent8
hostname -f
cent8.server.info
hostnamectl
Static hostname: cent8.server.info
Pretty hostname: Study machine
Icon name: computer-desktop
Chassis: desktop
Machine ID: 30ac2b6267c64603af8ace4d08773f52
Boot ID: 756ae5f8715a48a09ddf461772c4b164
Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-147.3.1.el8_1.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
注明:
-s,-short - 用于打印短主机名。
-f,-fqdn,-long - 用于打印长主机名(FQDN)。
使用hostnamectl更改主机名
设置持久主机名:
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname study.gdis.org --static
确认你的新主机名:
hostname -f
study.gdis.org
此设置将自动更新/etc/hostname文件:
cat /etc/hostname
study.gdis.org
设置Pretty hostname:
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname "Server for Raymond" --pretty
设置Transient hostname - 通常与静态主机名相同:
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname study.gdis.org --transient
确认你的设置:
hostnamectl
Static hostname: study.gdis.org
Pretty hostname: server for Raymond
Icon name: computer-desktop
Chassis: desktop
Machine ID: 30ac2b6267c64603af8ace4d08773f52
Boot ID: 756ae5f8715a48a09ddf461772c4b164
Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-147.3.1.el8_1.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
要将新主机名映射到IP地址,请编辑/etc/hosts文件并将旧主机名替换为新主机名:
sudo vim /etc/hosts
219.135.172.125 study.gdis.org
ping一下:
ping -c 2 study.gdis.org
PING study.gdis.org (219.135.172.125) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from study.gdis.org (219.135.172.125): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.38 ms
64 bytes from study.gdis.org (219.135.172.125): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.80 ms
— study.gdis.org ping statistics —
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 2ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.379/1.590/1.801/0.211 ms