springMVC学习总结（二） --springMVC表单处理和静态文件处理

根据springMVC学习总结（一） --springMVC搭建搭建项目

一、表单处理

　　1.创建两个java类 Student.java, StudentController.java。

　　2.在jsp字文件夹下面创建两个视图文件student.jsp、result.jsp。

项目目录结构如下：

实体类Student.java

package com.myl.controller.form;
/**
 * 
 * @author myl
 * @date      2018年5月19日   上午10:17:52
 */
public class Student {
    
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }
    
}

控制层 StudentController.java

package com.myl.controller.form;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * 控制层
 * @author myl
 * @date      2018年5月19日   上午10:18:00
 */
@Controller
public class StudentController {
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/student", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView student() {
        return new ModelAndView("student", "command", new Student());
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/addStudent", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("springmvc")Student student, ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("id", student.getId());
        model.addAttribute("name", student.getName());
        model.addAttribute("age", student.getAge());
        return "result";
    }

}

这里的第一个服务方法student()，我们已经在ModelAndView对象中传递了一个名为“command”的空对象，因为如果在JSP中使用<form：form>标签，spring框架需要一个名为“command”的对象文件。所以当调用student()方法时，它返回student.jsp视图。

第二个服务方法addStudent()将在 URLspringmvc/addStudent上的POST方法提交时调用。将根据提交的信息准备模型对象。最后，将从服务方法返回“result”视图，这将最终渲染result.jsp视图。

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:web="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4">
  <display-name>springMVC Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
   xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.myl"></context:component-scan>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
   
</beans>

表单 student.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Student Info</h2>
<form:form method="POST" action="/springmvc_01/addStudent">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="id">编号:</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="id" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="name">姓名:</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="name" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="age">年龄:</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="age" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="提交">
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

返回结果result.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>提交的学生信息如下 </h2>
   <table>
           <tr>
            <td>编号：</td>
            <td>${id}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>名称：</td>
            <td>${name}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>年龄：</td>
            <td>${age}</td>
        </tr>
    </table>  
</body>
</html>

访问student

提交返回结果

------------------------------------------------------------------

二、静态文件处理

这里介绍两种访问静态资源的方式：

　　方法一、在web.xml中配置

　　<servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
如图所示  访问静态的 jpg文件、css文件、js文件（我用jpg作为例子）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:web="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4">
    <display-name>springMVC Application</display-name>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

要配置多个，每种文件配置一个。
要写在DispatcherServlet的前面，让defaultServlet先拦截，这个就不会进入Spring了，我想性能是最好的吧。

　　方法二、在spring3.0.4以后版本提供了mvc:resources

　　在springmvc配置文件中配置

    <!-- 自动注册主键 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/img" mapping="/*" />

　　注：<mvc:annotation-driven/> 和 <mvc:resources... 必须同时加上

　　　　location属性必须指定一个或多个有效的资源目录位置

完整springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
   xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.myl"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 自动注册主键 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/img" mapping="/*" />
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
   
</beans>

jsp文件中访问就可以了

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>提交的学生信息如下 </h2>
   <table>
           <tr>
            <td>编号：</td>
            <td>${id}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>名称：</td>
            <td>${name}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>年龄：</td>
            <td>${age}</td>
        </tr>
    </table>  
    <br />
    <img src="img/mtt.jpg" style="width:300px; height: auto" />
</body>
</html>

结果

以上就是表单处理和静态文件处理。