本文记录 Linux 下各种报错与解决方法

Q&A 1.

1.问题详情:
nvcc 未安装，却报错如下：

$ nvcc -V
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/dbm/gnu.py", line 4, in <module>
    from _gdbm import *
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_gdbm'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/CommandNotFound.py", line 7, in <module>
    import dbm.gnu as gdbm
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/dbm/gnu.py", line 6, in <module>
    raise ImportError(str(msg) + ', please install the python3-gdbm package')
ImportError: No module named '_gdbm', please install the python3-gdbm package

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/command-not-found", line 27, in <module>
    from CommandNotFound.util import crash_guard
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from CommandNotFound.CommandNotFound import CommandNotFound
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/CommandNotFound.py", line 9, in <module>
    import gdbm
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'gdbm'

2.解决方案:

sudo apt install python-gdbm

Q&A 2.

1.问题详情:
右上角有红底白杠圆形图标

2.解决方案:
方案一(推荐)：

sudo apt install gnome

方案二(耗时较长)：

sudo apt install --reinstall ubuntu.desktop

Q&A 3.

1.问题详情:
Linux 无法挂载 NTFS 格式的磁盘分区

2.解决方案:

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda7

Q&A 4.

1.问题详情:

 /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

2.解决方案:

sudo dpkg -r account-plugin-google unity-scope-gdrive

sudo apt-get -f install

Q&A 5.

1.问题详情：
Ubuntu 下使用 Matplotlib 没有图形后端:

UserWarning: Matplotlib is currently using agg, which is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.

2.解决方案：
安装 TKinter:

sudo apt install python3-tk    # for python3.5

Q&A 6.

1.问题详情：
Ubuntu 下安装了了 python3-tk，导入时依然报错

>>> import tkinter
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/tkinter/__init__.py", line 37, in <module>
    import _tkinter
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_tkinter'

2.解决方案：
Ubuntu 下 python3 默认为 python3,5，而我使用的是 python3,6，安装对应版本的 tkinter

sudo apt install python3.6-tk    # any other version

Q&A 7.

1.问题详情：
Ubuntu 下安装了了 python3-apt，依然报错：

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_inst'

python3-apt 对应 python3.5，其它版本无法调用.
 
2.解决方案：
手动建立 python3.6 对应的库文件：

cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
sudo cp apt_pkg.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so apt_pkg.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
sudo cp apt_inst.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so apt_inst.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so