1. request对象和response对象的原理
    1. request和response对象是由服务器创建的。我们来使用它们
    2. request对象是来获取请求消息，response对象是来设置响应消息

2. request对象继承体系结构：    
    ServletRequest        --    接口
        |    继承
    HttpServletRequest    -- 接口
        |    实现
    org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade 类(tomcat)

3. request功能：

      1. 获取请求消息数据

               1. 获取请求行数据
            * GET /day14/demo1?name=zhangsan HTTP/1.1
            * 方法：
                1. 获取请求方式 ：GET
                    * String getMethod()  
                2. (*)获取虚拟目录：/day14
                    * String getContextPath()
                3. 获取Servlet路径: /demo1
                    * String getServletPath()
                4. 获取get方式请求参数：name=zhangsan
                    * String getQueryString()
                5. (*)获取请求URI：/day14/demo1
                    * String getRequestURI():        /day14/demo1
                    * StringBuffer getRequestURL()  :http://localhost/day14/demo1

                    * URL:统一资源定位符 ： http://localhost/day14/demo1    中华人民共和国
                    * URI：统一资源标识符 : /day14/demo1                    共和国
                
                6. 获取协议及版本：HTTP/1.1
                    * String getProtocol()

                7. 获取客户机的IP地址：
                    * String getRemoteAddr()
                
     

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 演示Request对象获取请求行数据
 */

@WebServlet("/requestDemo1")
public class RequestDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1. 获取请求方式 ：GET
        String method = request.getMethod();
        System.out.println(method);
        //2.(*)获取虚拟目录：/day14
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        System.out.println(contextPath);
        //3. 获取Servlet路径: /demo1
        String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
        System.out.println(servletPath);
        //4. 获取get方式请求参数：name=zhangsan
        String queryString = request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println(queryString);
        //5.(*)获取请求URI：/day14/demo1
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println(requestURI);
        System.out.println(requestURL);
        //6. 获取协议及版本：HTTP/1.1
        String protocol = request.getProtocol();
        System.out.println(protocol);
        //7. 获取客户机的IP地址：
        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        System.out.println(remoteAddr);
    }
}

2. 获取请求头数据
            * 方法：
                * (*)String getHeader(String name):通过请求头的名称获取请求头的值
                * Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames():获取所有的请求头名称

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo2")
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据
        
        //1.获取所有请求头名称
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
        //2.遍历
        while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = headerNames.nextElement();
            //根据名称获取请求头的值
            String value = request.getHeader(name);
            System.out.println(name+"---"+value);
        }

    }
}

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo3")
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:user-agent

        String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
        //判断agent的浏览器版本
        if(agent.contains("Chrome")){
            //谷歌
            System.out.println("谷歌来了...");
        }else if(agent.contains("Firefox")){
            //火狐
            System.out.println("火狐来了...");
        }

    }
}

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo4")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:referer

        String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println(referer);//http://localhost/day14/login.html

        //防盗链
        if(referer != null ){
            if(referer.contains("dym_day14")){
                //正常访问
               // System.out.println("播放电影....");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("播放电影....");
            }else{
                //盗链
                //System.out.println("想看电影吗？来优酷吧...");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("想看电影吗？来优酷吧...");
            }
        }

    }
}

 3. 获取请求体数据:
            * 请求体：只有POST请求方式，才有请求体，在请求体中封装了POST请求的请求参数
            * 步骤：
                1. 获取流对象
                    *  BufferedReader getReader()：获取字符输入流，只能操作字符数据
                    *  ServletInputStream getInputStream()：获取字节输入流，可以操作所有类型数

                2. 再从流对象中拿数据

regist.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>

    <form action="/dym_day14/requestDemo5" method="post">
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>
        <input type="submit" value="注册">

    </form>

</body>
</html>

RequestDemo5.java

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo5")
public class RequestDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求消息体--请求参数

        //1.获取字符流
        BufferedReader br = request.getReader();
        //2.读取数据
        String line = null;
        while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }
}