1.简单介绍通过实现Callable接口创建线程
与Runable相比的区别在于:runable没有返回值,
Callable可以用Future<数据类型>接收返回值
class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String> { //创建一个线程
private int id;
public TaskWithResult(int id) {
this.id=id;
}
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
return "result of TaskWithResult "+id;
}
}
package com.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class CallableTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService exec=Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); //创建线程池
List<Future<String>> results=new ArrayList<Future<String>>(); //定义接收返回值的list
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
results.add(exec.submit(new TaskWithResult(i))); //执行线程并添加返回值
}
for(Future<String> fs :results) { //打印返回值
try {
System.out.println(fs.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2.利用多线程处理list中的数据
public class ThreadList {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); //造list数据
for(int i=0;i<5300;i++){
list.add(""+i);
}
int threadSize = 500;//每500条数据开启一个线程
int remainder = list.size()%threadSize; //取余
int threadNum = 0; //线程数
if(remainder == 0){ //能整除500
threadNum = list.size()/threadSize;
} else { //不能整除线程数要加1
threadNum = list.size()/threadSize + 1;
}
ExecutorService eService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threadNum ); //创建一个线程池
List<Callable<String>> cList = new ArrayList<>(); //定义添加线程的集合
Callable<String> task = null; //创建单个线程
List<String> sList = null;
for(int i=0;i<threadNum;i++){ //根据线程数去取数据和创建线程
if(i == threadNum - 1){
sList = list.subList(i*threadSize, list.size());
} else {
sList = list.subList(i*threadSize, (i+1)*threadSize);
}
final List<String> nowList = sList;
//创建单个线程
task = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for(int j=0;j<nowList.size();j++){
sb.append(""+nowList.get(j));
}
return sb.toString();
}
};
cList.add(task); //添加线程
}
List<Future<String>> results = eService.invokeAll(cList); //执行所有创建的线程,并获取返回值(会把所有线程的返回值都返回)
for(Future<String> str:results){ //打印返回值
System.out.println(str.get());
}
eService.shutdown();
}