python从零开始--29 使用@propety装饰器实现get和set

常规的get和set方法写法如下,虽然能对写入数据进行校验和控制,但同时暴露了get和set方法,不够简洁:

class Student(object):
    count = 0

    def __init__(self, name, score):
        self.__name = name
        self.__score = score
        Student.count += 1

    def get_name(self):
        return self.__name

    def get_score(self):
        return self.__score

    def set_score(self, score):
        if isinstance(score, int) and 0 <= score <= 100:
            self.__score = score
        else:
            raise ValueError("Score必需是0~100的整数。")

s1 = Student("潘承",60)
print(s1.get_name())
s1.set_score(89)
print(s1.get_score())

于是追求简洁和完美的开发同学不满意了,他们希望在能保留校验的情况下,能像访问常规属性一样去进行get和set的操作。

比如上面的 get_score 和 set_score,他们希望写成 xxx = obj.score  和 obj.score = xxx。

python提供了property装饰器来满足这些同学的要求,代码如下:

class Student(object):
    count = 0

    def __init__(self, name, score):
        self.__name = name
        self.__score = score
        Student.count += 1

    @property
    def name(self):
        return self.__name

    @property
    def score(self):
        return self.__score

    @score.setter  #注意setter装饰器的写法
    def score(self, score):
        if isinstance(score, int) and 0 <= score <= 100:
            self.__score = score
        else:
            raise ValueError("Score必需是0~100的整数。")

s1 = Student("潘承",60)
print(s1.name)
s1.score = 90
print(s1.score)  # 只需要用 obj.score就可以进行读写操作,同时保留校验


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转载自blog.csdn.net/pansc2004/article/details/80368011