在idea中,依旧使用maven项目(前面详解)
步入主题,springMVC主要就是封装了servlet,以DispatcherServlet的形式出现在配置文件中,接下来进行详细的配置
目录视图展示,防止在讲哪个文件在哪里时出现懵b状态
1,导入依赖
springMVC可以说就是一个spring的一种具体实现,因此需要spring的核心包,还需要servlet以及jsp的核心包,可以使用juint测试
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
2,在web.xml中配置文件,需要配置dispatcherServlet文件以及字符过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3,在这个配置web配置文件中,在servlet里多加了以下这么一段话,主要就是将该配置较给spring容器管理
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
4,在这个springMVC-servlet.xml容器中,需要对实体类进行扫描以便使用注解,而在springMVC中有三大要素
<!--Spring三要素-->
<!--处理器映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!--处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
交于spring管理
这里使用注解实现,因此在spring中,只需要进行如下配置
mvc:annotation-driven</mvc:annotation-driven>:表示将处理器的映射器和适配器自动帮我们配好
mvc:default-servlet-handler</mvc:default-servlet-handler>: 过滤非文本文件
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>: 前缀
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>:后缀
用于拼接最终访问的路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
5,编写实体类ControllerQaq
最终返回的test为全路径
相当于:/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp,只需要加上前面的前缀和后缀
package com.controller;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/qaq") //浏览器访问的映射路径
public class ControllerQaq {
@GetMapping("/c1") //与上面的requestMapping的映射路径一致,只不过声明了get与post的访问方式
public String test(Model model,String name,String age,String password){
//model:用来携带数据
model.addAttribute("name",name);
model.addAttribute("age",age);
model.addAttribute("password",password);
System.out.println("数据传送成功!");
//浏览器做出响应后返回的页面
return "test";
}
}
6,编写user.jsp
如下可以发现,上面的两个映射路径在下面表单提交时跳转,这样才能通过访问这个映射路径再次访问到用拼接起来的test.jsp路径下
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<form method="get" action="/qaq/c1">
<br>
<br>
姓名为:<input type="text" name="name">
<br>
<br>
年龄为:<input type="text" name="age">
<br>
<br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password">
<br>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
7,编写最终到达的test.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>springMVC</title>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="40%">姓名为:</td>
<td width="60%">${
name}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%">年龄为:</td>
<td width="60%">${
age}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%">密码为:</td>
<td width="60%">${
password}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
8,编辑tomcat,容易出错的问题就是需要将更改模块的配置,如果模块多的话;其他的应该不难.
9,测试
点击tomcat运行就行,在输入路径user.jsp,输入各个参数就能跳转到最终的界面
springMVC搭建成功!