/**//* 将表数据旋转90度(2007-11-19于海南三亚) 将下表数据: A b c d e -------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- x 1 2 3 4 y 5 6 7 8 z 9 10 11 12 转化成如下结果: a x y z -------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- b 1 5 9 c 2 6 10 d 3 7 11 e 4 8 12 */ --生成测试数据 create table test1(A varchar(20),b int,c int,d int,e int) insert into test1 select 'x',1,2 ,3 ,4 insert into test1 select 'y',5,6 ,7 ,8 insert into test1 select 'z',9,10,11,12 go --生成中间数据表 declare @s varchar(8000) set @s = 'create table test2(a varchar(20)' select @s = @s + ',' + A + ' varchar(10)' from test1 set @s = @s + ')' exec(@s) print @s --借助中间表实现行列转换 declare @name varchar(20) declare t_cursor cursor for select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('test1') and colid > 1 order by colid open t_cursor fetch next from t_cursor into @name while @@fetch_status = 0 begin exec('select ' + @name + ' as t into test3 from test1') set @s='insert into test2 select ''' + @name + '''' select @s = @s + ',''' + rtrim(t) + '''' from test3 exec(@s) exec('drop table test3') fetch next from t_cursor into @name end close t_cursor deallocate t_cursor --查看行列互换处理结果 select * from test1 select * from test2 --删除表 drop table test1 drop table test2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- /**//*固定的写法:*/ select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from (select a = 'b' , x = b from test1 where a = 'x') t1, (select a = 'b' , y = b from test1 where a = 'y') t2, (select a = 'b' , z = b from test1 where a = 'z') t3 where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a union all select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from (select a = 'c' , x = c from test1 where a = 'x') t1, (select a = 'c' , y = c from test1 where a = 'y') t2, (select a = 'c' , z = c from test1 where a = 'z') t3 where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a union all select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from (select a = 'd' , x = d from test1 where a = 'x') t1, (select a = 'd' , y = d from test1 where a = 'y') t2, (select a = 'd' , z = d from test1 where a = 'z') t3 where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a union all select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from (select a = 'e' , x = e from test1 where a = 'x') t1, (select a = 'e' , y = e from test1 where a = 'y') t2, (select a = 'e' , z = e from test1 where a = 'z') t3 where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- /**//* 表tb,数据如下: 项目种类 业绩 提成 洗吹类 200 10 外卖 100 5 合计 300 15 转换成: 项目种类 洗吹类 外卖 合计 业绩 200 100 300 提成 10 5 15 */ create table tb ( 项目种类 varchar(10), 业绩 int, 提成 int ) insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('洗吹类',200,10) insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('外卖' ,100,5) insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('合计' ,300,15) go select 项目种类,sum(洗吹类) as 洗吹类 , sum(外卖) as 外卖 , sum(合计) as 合计 from ( select 项目种类 = '业绩', 洗吹类 = case when 项目种类 = '洗吹类' then 业绩 else 0 end, 外卖 = case when 项目种类 = '外卖' then 业绩 else 0 end, 合计 = case when 项目种类 = '合计' then 业绩 else 0 end from tb union all select 项目种类 = '提成' , 洗吹类 = case when 项目种类 = '洗吹类' then 提成 else 0 end, 外卖 = case when 项目种类 = '外卖' then 提成 else 0 end, 合计 = case when 项目种类 = '合计' then 提成 else 0 end from tb ) m group by 项目种类 order by 项目种类 desc drop table tb /**//* 项目种类 洗吹类 外卖 合计 -------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 业绩 200 100 300 提成 10 5 15 (所影响的行数为 2 行) */ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- /**//* 数据库中tb表格如下 月份 工资 福利 奖金 月 100 200 300 月 110 210 310 月 120 220 320 月 130 230 330 我想得到的结果是 项目 1月 2月 3月 4月 工资 100 110 120 130 福利 200 210 220 230 奖金 300 310 320 330 就是说完全把表格的行列颠倒,有点像那种旋转矩阵,请问如何用sql 语句实现? */ if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_zj]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1) drop procedure [dbo].[p_zj] GO /**//*--行列互换的通用存储过程(原著:邹建):将指定的表,按指定的字段进行行列互换*/ create proc p_zj @tbname sysname, --要处理的表名 @fdname sysname, --做为转换的列名 @new_fdname sysname='' --为转换后的列指定列名 as declare @s1 varchar(8000) , @s2 varchar(8000), @s3 varchar(8000) , @s4 varchar(8000), @s5 varchar(8000) , @i varchar(10) select @s1 = '' , @s2 = '' , @s3 = '' , @s4 = '' , @s5 = '' , @i = '0' select @s1 = @s1 + ',@' + @i + ' varchar(8000)', @s2 = @s2 + ',@' + @i + '=''' + case isnull(@new_fdname , '') when '' then '' else @new_fdname + '=' end + '''''' + name + '''''''', @s3 = @s3 + 'select @' + @i + '=@' + @i + '+'',['' + [' + @fdname + ']+'']=''+cast([' + name + '] as varchar) from [' + @tbname + ']', @s4 = @s4 + ',@' + @i + '=''select ''+@' + @i, @s5 = @s5 + '+'' union all ''+@' + @i, @i=cast(@i as int)+1 from syscolumns where object_id(@tbname)=id and name<>@fdname select @s1=substring(@s1,2,8000), @s2=substring(@s2,2,8000), @s4=substring(@s4,2,8000), @s5=substring(@s5,16,8000) exec('declare ' + @s1 + 'select ' + @s2 + @s3 + 'select ' + @s4 + ' exec(' + @s5 + ')') go --用上面的存储过程测试: create table Test(月份 varchar(4), 工资 int, 福利 int, 奖金 int) insert Test select '1月',100,200,300 union all select '2月',110,210,310 union all select '3月',120,220,320 union all select '4月',130,230,330 go exec p_zj 'Test', '月份' , '项目' drop table Test drop proc p_zj /**//* 项目 1月 2月 3月 4月 ---- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 福利 200 210 220 230 工资 100 110 120 130 奖金 300 310 320 330 (所影响的行数为 3 行) */ /**//* 静态写法(SQL2005) */ --测试环境 create table Test(月份 varchar(4), 工资 int, 福利 int, 奖金 int) insert Test select '1月',100,200,300 union all select '2月',110,210,310 union all select '3月',120,220,320 union all select '4月',130,230,330 go --测试语句 SELECT * FROM ( SELECT 考核月份,月份,金额 FROM (SELECT 月份, 工资, 福利, 奖金 FROM Test) p UNPIVOT (金额 FOR 考核月份 IN (工资, 福利, 奖金))AS unpvt ) T PIVOT (MAX(金额) FOR 月份 in ([1月],[2月],[3月],[4月]))AS pt --测试结果 /**//* 考核月份 1月 2月 3月 4月 ------- ----- ----- ------ ------- 福利200210220230 工资100110120130 奖金300310320330 */ --删除环境 Drop table Test
SQL 表数据旋转90度(二维转换)
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