主题:构建一个基于SpringMVC的HelloWord Web 项目
目的:快速体验什么是SpringMVC
方案:
1、创建工程,命名:SpringMVC
2、导包
3、在SRC下添加spring-mvc.xml配置文件
(注意:名字可以随便取,最好就是看上就知道是什么)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
</beans>
4、在web.xml配置封装在Spring里面的servlet--DispatcherServlet前端控制器,并指定spring-mvc.xml文件
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
<
web-app
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id
="WebApp_ID"
version
="2.5"
>
<
display-name
>SpringMVC
</
display-name
>
<
servlet
>
<
servlet-name
>SpringMVC
</
servlet-name
>
<!--
DispathcherServlet 前端控制器
-->
<
servlet-class
>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</
servlet-class
>
<
init-param
>
<!--
变量名随便取
-->
<
param-name
>contextConfigLocation
</
param-name
>
<!--
指定SpringMVC配置文件名
-->
<
param-value
>classpath:spring-mvc.xml
</
param-value
>
</
init-param
>
<!--
load-on-startup等于1,则表示容器启动就实例化此Servlet
-->
<
load-on-startup
>1
</
load-on-startup
>
</
servlet
>
<
servlet-mapping
>
<!--
要与上面Servlet的名字对应
-->
<
servlet-name
>SpringMVC
</
servlet-name
>
<!--
用来匹配客户端请求
-->
<
url-pattern
>*.action
</
url-pattern
>
</
servlet-mapping
>
</
web-app
>
5、在spring-mvc.xml中配置 【HandlerMapping组件】------------------作用------>设置客户端请求与Controller
【InternalResourceViewResolver组件】--作用------>设置视图配置
【HelloController】------------------------作用------->测试请求处理
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
<
beans
xmlns
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
>
<!--
定义客户端请求映射关系
-->
<!--
HeanlerMapping是Spring核心组件之一
-->
<
bean
id
="headlerMapping"
class
="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"
>
<
property
name
="mappings"
>
<
map
>
<
entry
key
="/hello.action"
>
<
value
>helloController
</
value
>
</
entry
>
</
map
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<!--
增加HelloController的Bean
-->
<
bean
id
="helloController"
class
="controller.HelloController"
/>
<!--
定义视图解释器(Spring核心组件之一)
-->
<
bean
id
="viewResolver"
class
="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
>
<
property
name
="prefix"
value
="WEB-INF/jsp/"
/>
<
property
name
="suffix"
value
=".jsp"
/>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
6、编写HelloController【注意:需要实现Controller接口】
package
controller;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public
class HelloController
implements
Controller{
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1)
throws
Exception {
ModelAndView mv=
new ModelAndView("hello"
);
System.out.println("处理hello.action请求"
);
return
mv;
}
}
7、在WEB-INF文件夹下新增"jsp"文件夹,并添加hello.jsp
<%
@ page language
=
"
java
"
contentType
=
"
text/html; charset=UTF-8
"
pageEncoding
=
"
UTF-8
"
%>
<!
DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"
>
<
html
>
<
head
>
<
meta
http-equiv
="Content-Type"
content
="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
>
<
title
>Insert title here
</
title
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
欢迎来到Spring的世界!
</
body
>
</
html
>
8、跑起来吧兄弟们~然后访问http://localhost/SpringMVC/hello.action,效果如下: