功能代码按照Spring的标准书写,无论是通过XML配置还是通过annotation配置都可以。
测试代码最重要的是告诉framework去哪里找bean的配置。
以Dao的Test为例:
//告诉framework怎么运行这个类 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //bean的配置文件路径,这个是Test类的classpath路径,如果是Spring推荐的目录结构,应该在:项目目录/src/test/resources/里 @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:app-config.xml") public class TestPatchDao extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests { //取得要测试的Dao类 @Resource private PatchDao patchDao; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { } /** * 测试方法 */ @Test public void testGetPatchList_1() { //Dao的某个方法 List<Map<String, Object>> list = patchDao.getPatchList(1, "00C8002D00000000", 1); assertEquals(1, list.size()); } }
再举一个Controller的例子
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:app-config.xml", "classpath:mvc-config.xml"}) public class TestMainCtrl extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests { @Autowired private MainCtrl controller; //这种方法适用于Springframework3.0,3.1换了handler的处理类。 @Autowired private AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter handlerAdapter; private final MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest(); private final MockHttpServletResponse response = new MockHttpServletResponse(); @Test public void testMain4User() throws Exception { request.setRequestURI("/main"); request.setMethod(HttpMethod.POST.name()); HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //设置 认证信息 session.setAttribute(CommonConstants.SESSION_USER_TYPE, 1); session.setAttribute(CommonConstants.SESSION_USER_ID, 0); session.setAttribute(CommonConstants.SESSION_USER_ACC, "aa1"); ModelAndView mav = handlerAdapter.handle(request, response, controller); assertEquals("/regist", mav.getViewName()); } }
TestSuite的写法,将Test类用注解的方式配置到TestSuite类上。
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.junit.runners.Suite; import org.junit.runners.Suite.SuiteClasses; @RunWith(Suite.class) @SuiteClasses( { TestPatchDao.class, TestMainCtrl.class }) public class TestSuite {}
统计覆盖率。单元测试的标准往往是代码附带率,发现比较好的工具是CodePro Analytix,它是google收购的一个项目,项目主页:
https://developers.google.com/java-dev-tools/codepro/doc/
这个工具的功能都很实用,它还可以自动生成测试代码。测试代码以独立的项目存在,可以根据功能代码的流程分支生成的测试方法,比如功能代码里有一个if else,测试代码就会生成3个测试方法,以便每个分支都能覆盖到。
我们主要使用它的代码覆盖率功能,这个工具不但可以统计测试时的代码覆盖率,还可以统计debug时的覆盖率。
1、按照安装说明,将工具安装进Eclipse
2、右键点击项目,选择CodePro Tools --> Instrument for Code Coverage。
再运行测试类或debug,都会出覆盖率的统计。
但是统计覆盖率会降低代码运行效率,所以,不需要统计时再 Unistrument 就可以了。
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Springframework3.1和springsecure的controller测试类例子:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:root-context.xml", "classpath:servlet-context.xml", "classpath:security-app-context.xml"}) public class TestSecureCtrl extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests { @Autowired private SecureCtrl controller; @Autowired private RequestMappingHandlerAdapter handlerAdapter; private final MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest(); private final MockHttpServletResponse response = new MockHttpServletResponse(); @Test public void testMain4User() throws Exception { request.setRequestURI("/secure"); request.setMethod(HttpMethod.POST.name()); HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //设置springsecure的内容 List<GrantedAuthority> ga = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(); ga.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ALL")); User user = new User("account", "password", true, true, true, true, ga); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication( new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user, null)); session.setAttribute(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT_KEY, SecurityContextHolder.getContext()); ModelAndView mav = handlerAdapter.handle(request, response, new HandlerMethod(controller, "home", Model.class, HttpServletRequest.class)); assertEquals("home", mav.getViewName()); } }