AcWing 398. 交通实时查询系统

大型补档计划

题目链接

只有割点是必行点。

在任意一个点双中,都有分叉没有点交集的两条路径。

所以 v-DCC 缩点。

但是他问的是路径走到另一条路径的必行点。我蒙蔽了,发现自己对无向图双联通分量理解不够。因为一条边必然属于且只属于一个点双联通分量,为什么呢?因为就选这条边的两个点就构成了一个点双联通分量,所以必然存在包含的,并且由于极大性,只属于一个也显然。

缩点后变成一颗树。然后就变成了:在一颗树中,任意两点间有多少个特殊的点(割点?),用 LCA + 树上差分即可。

upd1:顺便提一句,这道题不一定保证联通,可能是森林,所以要多次dfs,但是第一次写我没多次也过了,说明数据较水。

upd2:为啥我uva WA了。

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int N = 20005, M = 200005, L = 15;
int n, m, Q, num, newId[N];
int dfn[N], low[N], dfncnt, s[N], c[N], top, cnt, id[M], d[N];
bool vis[N];
int fa[N][L], dep[N];
vector<int> dcc[N], g[N];
bool cut[N];
int head[N], numE = 1;
struct E{
    int next, v;
} e[M];
void inline add(int u, int v) {
    e[++numE] = (E) { head[u], v };
    head[u] = numE;
}
void tarjan(int u, int rt) {
    dfn[u] = low[u] = ++dfncnt; 
    s[++top] = u;
    if (u == rt && !head[u]) {
        dcc[++cnt].push_back(u);
        return;
    }
    int flag = 0;
    for (int i = head[u]; i; i = e[i].next) {
        int v = e[i].v;
        if (!dfn[v]) {
            tarjan(v, rt); low[u] = min(low[u], low[v]);
            if (low[v] >= dfn[u]) {
                flag++;
                if (u != rt || flag > 1) cut[u] = true;
                int y; ++cnt;
                do {
                    y = s[top--]; 
                    dcc[cnt].push_back(y);
                } while (y != v);
                dcc[cnt].push_back(u);
            }
        } else low[u] = min(low[u], dfn[v]);
    }
}
void dfs(int u) {
    vis[u] = true;
    for (int i = 1; i < L && fa[u][i - 1]; i++)
        fa[u][i] = fa[fa[u][i - 1]][i - 1];
    if (u > cnt) d[u]++;
    for (int i = 0; i < g[u].size(); i++) {
        int v = g[u][i];
        if (v == fa[u][0]) continue;
        fa[v][0] = u, dep[v] = dep[u] + 1, d[v] = d[u];
        dfs(v);
    }
}
int lca(int x, int y) {
    if (dep[x] < dep[y]) swap(x, y);
    for (int i = L - 1; ~i; i--) 
        if (dep[x] - (1 << i) >= dep[y]) x = fa[x][i];
    if (x == y) return x;
    for (int i = L - 1; ~i; i--)
        if (fa[x][i] != fa[y][i]) x = fa[x][i], y = fa[y][i];
    return fa[x][0];
}
int main() {
    while (scanf("%d%d", &n, &m), n || m) {
        for (int i = 1, x, y; i <= m; i++) {
            scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
            add(x, y); add(y, x);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if (!dfn[i]) tarjan(i, i);
        num = cnt;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if (cut[i]) newId[i] = ++num;
        for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < dcc[i].size(); j++) {
                int x = dcc[i][j];
                if (cut[x]){
                    g[newId[x]].push_back(i);
                    g[i].push_back(newId[x]);
                } 
                c[x] = i;
            }
            for (int j = 0; j < dcc[i].size(); j++) {
                int x = dcc[i][j];
                for (int k = head[x]; k; k = e[k].next) {
                    int v = e[k].v;
                    if (c[v] == i) id[k >> 1] = i;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) if (!vis[i]) dfs(i);
        scanf("%d", &Q);
        while (Q--) {
            int a, b; scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
            a = id[a], b = id[b];
            int p = lca(a, b);
            printf("%d\n", d[fa[a][0]] - d[fa[p][0]] + d[fa[b][0]] - d[p]);
        }    
        numE = 1; 
        memset(cut, false, sizeof cut);
        memset(newId, 0, sizeof newId);
        memset(c, 0, sizeof c);
        memset(head, 0, sizeof head);
        memset(dfn, 0, sizeof dfn);
        memset(vis, false, sizeof vis);
        memset(id, 0, sizeof id);
        memset(fa, 0, sizeof fa);
        for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) g[i].clear();
        for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) dcc[i].clear();
        dfncnt = cnt = 0;
        
    }
    return 0;
}

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/dmoransky/p/12380666.html